Ask A Veterinarian - Shiloh Veterinary Hospital

Q: Food Allergies

2011-05-18T06:54:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I think my pet Roxie has food allergies. How does this happen?

Roxie’s Mom

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Hi Roxie’s Mom,

In pets with food allergies, the immune system overreacts and produces antibodies to substances that it would normally tolerate. This excessive response is termed an allergic reaction.

The most common food allergens are proteins from dairy products and beef. However, proteins such as gluten from wheat, chicken, fish, other substances and additives can also cause allergic reactions.

A common misconception is that corn products routinely cause allergies in pets, when studies have actually shown that corn very rarely at fault. Overall, true food allergies in pets are actually quite rare. Most veterinary dermatologists think they might account for as little as 2% of all allergies.

How is the condition it diagnosed?

Pets are placed on hypoallergenic diets that contain none of the ingredients that the pet has eaten in the past. The food elimination diet must be continued for up to three months to determine if the pet actually has food allergy. Since the pets can have nothing else to eat (no human food, treats or rawhides are allowed), this can be a difficult process for pets and their owners. After a pet has been diagnosed with food allergies, there are a number of commercially available, treats and palatable hypoallergenic diets that can be fed for the rest of your pet’s life.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaberle, VMD

Q: Flea Allergies and my pet

2011-05-11T06:51:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My dog’s skin has been itchy and my veterinarian diagnosed a flea allergy. I am confused because I have only seen one or two fleas on my pet. Can this be true?

Terry

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Hi Terry,

Flea allergy dermatitis is a leading cause of scratching in dogs and cats. When fleas feed, they inject a small amount of saliva into the skin. Proteins in saliva are the usual allergen or chemical which causes of this intense itchy response. Dogs and cats with flea bite dermatitis do not have to be infested with many fleas to be itchy. In fact, a single flea bite can cause itching for up to a week.

So how is flea allergy dermatitis diagnosed?

Clinical signs often give the first clue that your pet may suffer from flea allergies. Itching and hair loss in the region from the middle of the back to the tail base and the rear legs is mostly associated with a flea allergy.

The treatment for flea allergy certainly includes very strict flea control. Utilization of monthly topical treatments such as Frontline, Advantage, or Advantix. Treatment of the home will also be recommended to cut down on flea infestations.

As with inhaled allergy, antihistamines such as Benadryl work poorly. Rather, corticosteroids or cortisone is widely used to treat flea bite dermatitis. They often bring about rapid relief to the poor itchy patient.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Cat Myths vs. Facts

2011-05-06T06:49:00.000-07:00

Cat Myths vs. The Facts

Myth: Indoor Cats Don’t Catch Diseases

Fact: Although indoor cats are far less likely to succumb to contagious diseases, airborne microorganisms may get into the house through open doors and windows, and most indoor cats find their way outside from time to time, where they are exposed to a variety of diseases.

Myth: Licking Wounds Speeds the Healing Process.

Fact: Although purring does speed the healing process, licking wounds can actually keep them open and cause further damage. While initial licking cleans the wound, injured animals that engage in excessive wound licking once the injury has begun to heal should wear Elizabethan (cone-shaped) collars to prevent this behavior.

Myth: Female Cats Should Be Allowed to Have One Litter Before They’re Spayed.

Fact: Cats that are spayed before having any litters are less inclined to develop mammary tumors, which are particularly deadly in cats. Allowing one litter contributes to the overpopulation problem that leads to many cats being euthanized in shelters each year and provides no medical or psychological benefits for the cat.

Q: Can Worms get transferred to people?

2011-04-28T06:46:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

What are intestinal parasites? Can they be transferred to people?

“Scared of Worms”

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Dear Scared of Worms,

The term intestinal parasites is a broad name that includes worms, protozoa and other intestinal organisms.

Worms are a very common finding in all animals and of all ages. The types of worms that are commonly seen are roundworms, whipworms, hookworms and tape worms. Giardia is routinely tested for, but is actually not a worm, rather a type of protozoa.

Puppies and kittens are often born with roundworms because the mother will harbor small numbers of eggs, passing them through the placenta. Other sources of infestation are from the environment (yard, woods, soil, etc), contaminated feces (from other pets, farm animals, raccoons, etc) or eating contaminated animals (fleas, mice, birds, bugs, earthworms, etc). Intestinal parasites are common causes of diarrhea, vomiting and weight loss. Another concern is their risk of zoonosis, which is the spread of disease from animals to humans.

If contracted from an infected animal or source, a human may develop gastrointestinal problems, but also a condition called larval migrans. Larval migrans is when the larvae of worms stray from the intestines, traveling under the skin, within the eye or even into the brain.

Due to the implications for your pet (diarrhea, etc) and the chance of spread to us, it is important that a stool sample be checked by your veterinarian at your pet’s annual wellness exam or anytime they develop diarrhea. If your pet has tested positive, repeat testing is usually done to make sure the treatment was effective. Occasionally a negative sample is obtained despite the presence of worms because adult worms are not constantly shedding their eggs. Specific de-worming medications are prescribed based on the fecal results and/or your veterinarian’s suspicion of intestinal parasites.

Another important source of prevention is monthly heartworm prevention. Not only will these pills prevent heartworm disease, they will also treat for round worms, hook worms and sometimes whip worms. It is important to understand that these medications, including the heartworm pill, are only one time treatments. Your pet can be re-infected after receiving the medication and will remain infected until either the next dose of heartworm prevention is given or more de-worming medication is dispensed.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Keep Pets Safe from the Easter Bunny!

2011-04-20T06:43:00.000-07:00

Keep your pets safe from the Easter Bunny.

For millions of families, the celebration of Easter includes Easter baskets filled with sweet treats galore — chocolate bunnies, marshmallow chicks, sugary jelly beans and snack-size versions of nearly every candy product imaginable.

As parents, we often warn our children “Now don’t eat too much or you’ll make yourself sick.” At worst, a child who stuffs him or herself with chocolate may develop a stomachache.

But for our furry friends who get into the Easter goodies, “getting sick” may be the least of it. Many of the sweet treats mentioned above can actually be fatal to our pets.

Chocolate is one of the most deadly foods for pets (both cats and dog) Dark chocolate is worst, and white chocolate has the lowest risk. It’s not only high in fat (pets don’t need lots of fat any more than humans do), it contains two nervous system stimulants, caffeine and theobromine. The fat can make your pet vomit or cause diarrhea — unpleasant, but usually not fatal, but it’s the stimulants that sometimes cause death.

Theobromine is both a cardiac stimulant and a diuretic. A dog that ingests an overdose of chocolate may be fine at first, but will probably become excited and hyperactive within a few hours. It may pass large quantities of urine and become unusually thirsty. The theobromine will cause your pet’s heart rate to accelerate or beat irregularly, either of which can cause death.

But it’s not just chocolate that’s the problem. All sugary foods can cause dental problems, lead to obesity, and contribute to diabetes in pets, too. So be sure to keep your stash of chocolate securely out of your pet’s reach.

Children are notorious for sorting and trading candy, so make sure they don’t leave candy laying around (or candy wrappers, either, which can cause choking) Don’t forget how flexible and persistent a pet can be when it smells something yummy in a trash bin or garage sack, either.

If your think your pet may have ingested a harmful food , please call your vet immediately. If your vet is closed, call an emergency vet center. If you don’t have one of those in your area you can call one of the national animal poison control lines such as the Pet Poison Helpline: 1-800-213-6680.

Q: Sugar Free Candies and Pets

2011-04-13T06:40:00.000-07:00

Sugar Free candy this holiday?

Not safe for pets!

Xylitol is a sugar alcohol -- an artificial sweetener created from birch, raspberries, plums and corn. This sweetener is found in many human “sugar free” products, such as gum, candies and other sweets. In humans, high doses may have a mild laxative effect, but in dogs, ingestion could be fatal.

It has been known for quite some time that there is a link between xylitol ingestion and hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) in dogs. Now, with the prevalence of this sweetener in human foods, the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center has noted a connection between xylitol consumption and acute toxicity in dogs.

Signs of toxicity can be seen as quickly as 30 minutes after xylitol ingestion in dogs. The xylitol causes a rapid release of the hormone insulin, causing a sudden decrease in blood glucose. This in turn may cause the following symptoms:

* Vomiting
* Weakness
* Ataxia (uncoordinated movements)
* Depression
* Hypokalemia (decreased potassium)
* Seizures
* Coma
* Liver dysfunction and/or failure

Xylitol is found in many products. The most common xylitol item is sugar-free gum. Gum can be found everywhere, and is often tempting to dogs. Keep gum out of reach - watch out for open pockets, purses, counter tops, and in the car. Xylitol can also be found in sugar-free (low carb and diabetic) candies, baked goods, some pharmaceuticals and many dental products, including mouthwashes, mints and toothpastes. Only use pet toothpaste for pets, never human toothpaste.

Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Q: Hernias in pets?

2011-04-06T06:38:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My vet said that my new puppy “Chloe” has an umbilical hernia. How serious is this?

Chloe’s Mom

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Dear Chloe’s Mom,

The umbilicus is that area on the middle of the abdomen where the umbilical cord was attached. It looks like a little scar on her belly and is most commonly referred to as her belly button.

After birth, when the umbilical cord is detached, this opening in the abdominal wall is supposed to close. Occasionally the hole remains open, and only the skin heals over it. This hole in the abdominal wall is referred to as a hernia. If the hernia is small, some belly fat may push through it and cause a bulge under the skin. If it is bigger, then a loop of intestine may be able to push through. Either of these may get trapped or strangulated, which can become very painful, and even life threatening. If found soon enough, it can be corrected quickly and safely by your veterinarian. Fortunately, most hernias are small enough to wait and be fixed when a pet is spayed or castrated, but if it is a larger hernia, it may need to be done sooner.

The most commonly accepted cause for this is a genetic defect, and thus breeding is discouraged. Some people argue that hernias can be caused by trauma when the mother chews off the umbilical cord. In that case, breeding would be acceptable. However, we know that certain breeds seem to be more prone to hernias and that it is not uncommon for a dog to pass this defect along to their offspring.

The good news is that hernias are rarely life threatening. Since genetics is most often the cause, it is always encouraged to have your pet spayed or neutered so they don’t continue to pass that bad gene along. If you were planning on breeding Chloe, you need to discuss these issues with your veterinarian.

Good luck and have fun with your new puppy.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Q: Does AAHA really matter?

2011-03-29T06:35:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I’m new to the area, what should I look for in a veterinary hospital? You’re AAHA accredited, does that matter?

Thanks,
Michael

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Dear Michael,

I feel that the York area has been blessed with many excellent small animal (dogs and cats) veterinarians over the years. When I graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, I elected to accept a job at Leader Heights Animal Hospital working with two excellent veterinarians, doctors Moist and Reckleffs. After a few years of gaining real world experience, I eventually founded the Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in 1979, focusing on the needs of dogs and cats.

As with most businesses however, a veterinary practice must find a market niche and then excel with that selection. I always felt it was important for my practice to have a high standard of care. When the Shiloh Veterinary Hospital became accredited by the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) in 1987, our standard of care became realized. Veterinary practices that accept the challenge of accreditation are evaluated on stringent quality standards that encompass all aspects of pet care - ranging from patient care and pain management to team training and medical records. Through accreditation, we gained external validation that our practice and our team operates at the highest standards.

It allowed our clients to gain peace of mind, because they know an AAHA-accredited practice is a team that they can trust to provide the very best care for their beloved pets. I am very proud of our staff, we have 5 certified veterinary technicians and 7 veterinarians. We also have a great team of receptionists, veterinary assistants and kennel staff that keeps our hospital running as smoothly as possible.

There are only 4 small animal hospitals in the York Area accredited by the AAHA. The Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in Dover, Shiloh Veterinary Hospital East in Manchester and Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion.

When looking for a veterinarian remember the value in quality of care, availability and needs of your pet.

To learn more about AAHA or the value in high quality care, please go to our website: www.myshilohvet.com.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Q: Bleeding Nail life threatening?

2011-03-23T06:31:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

Can my dog “Sam” bleed to death if I cut his toenails too short?

April

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Dear April,

The short answer to your question is: No. It is true that there is a vein in each toenail, and if cut too short, it will bleed like crazy, but Sam will not bleed to death. Any one who has ever trimmed a pet’s nails will tell you they occasionally accidentally trim one too short and make it bleed, even veterinarians and groomers. What I like to do before I start is make sure I have some styptic powder (a powder used to stop the bleeding that is sold at all pet shops) open and ready to go BEFORE I begin clipping. That way if I do nick one, I’m not frantically looking all over the place for it. I can then readily get some of the powder and apply it immediately to the bleeding nail. If you don’t have styptic powder, corn starch or even baby powder may work, but styptic powder is the best.

Not all dogs need their nails trimmed, but most do at some time or another. A pet’s activity and environment may dictate the frequency of the trims. The best time to get started on trimming your pet’s nails is when they are puppies or kittens. Get them used to it early, and they’re usually comfortable with it throughout their lives. And it always helps to pour on the praise and hugs while you’re doing it. Offering treats throughout the process can help a lot, too.

There are multiple instruments that can be used for nail trimming. There are three main types with many variations of each: the guillotine, scissor, and grinder. One is really not any better than the others, it’s more of a personal preference for the user, and most importantly for the pet. You may even need to try multiple devices before you find the right fit for you and Sam.

Many dogs don’t like to have their nails trimmed at all. You do have a few choices. One is to take them to your veterinarian, or a groomer. Some pet shops offer this service, too. Another is to start all over from the beginning and just trim a little at a time, one nail a day with lots of praise and treats until you’re both comfortable. As a last resort, some dogs need to be sedated by your veterinarian and their nails trimmed while they’re asleep.

The key is to start young and do it often and hopefully that will lead to a happy and carefree nail trimming.

FYI…did you know that only primates have nails? Dogs and cats technically have claws.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Q: Professional Teeth cleaning every year?

2011-03-16T11:28:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My neighbor has her dog’s teeth cleaned every year. Is it really necessary to get it done that often?

Matt

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Dear Matt,

Some dogs and cats do need to get their teeth cleaned yearly. Others don’t need it that often, and I’ve even seen some that have great teeth their entire lives and never need to have them cleaned. You need to make that decision with your
veterinarian at your pet’s annual wellness exam.

There are many advantages to getting your pet’s teeth cleaned frequently. One of the most important is that you can add one to three years to your pet’s life expectancy, and wouldn’t we all love to have our pets with us for as long as we can! Another more obvious reason is to help control bad breath or halitosis. A lot of times that smell is coming from an infection in the mouth, known as gingivitis or periodontitis. Antibiotics, teeth cleaning and sometimes extractions will help clear that up.

Getting your pet’s teeth cleaned and polished regularly will also help prevent advanced gingivitis and periodontitis that can become very painful to your pet. It is not at all uncommon for my clients to report back to me after a dental cleaning and extraction of infected teeth that their pet is more playful and active and eating better.

I know it costs a few extra dollars to get their teeth cleaned often, but it will also save you a lot of money in the long run. Once the teeth start decaying, and your veterinarian has to take x-rays and extract those infected teeth, the cost can really escalate.

My advice would not be complete if I did not emphasize the importance of brushing your pet’s teeth multiple times a week (daily if possible), too. You can all stop laughing now, but I think you realize how important this is. And yes, I know that some pets – ok, a lot of pets – won’t let you do it. But the more you keep trying, the better the chance they may eventually let you do it. Getting them started as puppies and kittens is always the best way. Ask your veterinarian or one of their nurses how to brush your pet’s teeth.

By having your pet’s teeth cleaned regularly, you help them live longer, prevent a lot of pain and discomfort, and save yourself a lot of money while you’re at it. Just imagine if you never brushed your teeth and didn’t go to the dentist for several years!

Talk to your vet about this at your next visit. Your pet will love you longer for it.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Q: Activities for Indoor Cats?

2011-03-09T06:25:00.000-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My indoor cat seems to be bored and tries to get outside. What can I do to keep him happy to stay inside where it’s safer for him?

Dena

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Keeping cats indoors is the safest way to avoid many types of injuries, illnesses and parasites as well as ensuring they don’t get lost or stolen. However, many cats living totally indoors without an enriched environment will become bored, stressed and overweight, severely compromising their physical and mental well-being. Fortunately, there are some easy, inexpensive ways to enrich your cats’ lives while keeping them safer as inside cats.

Much of a cat’s normal behavior stems from the fact that their ancestors were hunters who needed their keen senses and physical prowess to obtain food and avoid danger. Today’s domestic pet cat has retained many of the hunting instincts as well as the need to feel safe.

Hunting behaviors, such as stalking, chasing and pouncing, can be seen in the way cats play. Playing with toys that simulate prey is very stimulating for many cats. Dr. Tony Buffington of The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, suggests going one step further and identifying your cat’s prey preference. The site states that most cats prefer to hunt a specific type of animal, such as birds, mice or insects. Feathers or feathered toys on a string or wand can simulate birds if you move them through the air. Small stuffed toys can resemble rodents, and are especially interesting to cats if you make them move. Playing with laser lights, a string with a knot tied at the end, or pieces of dry food rolled across the floor can be similar to chasing bugs. Try all three types of toys separately for a few days in a row to determine your cat’s preference.

Feeding cats from interactive food-dispensing toys instead of from a bowl is another way to satisfy your cat’s need to hunt. It’s a good idea to purchase a variety of food toys and alternate them each day. Hiding food and treats in your house for cats to sniff out is also a fun game for many cats.

Have you ever considered training your cat to do tricks? Cats respond well to food treats and can learn even faster with clicker training. Training with positive reinforcement methods is a great way to stimulate your cat’s mind and increase your bond.

If you want to give your cat a chance to be outside safely, you may consider purchasing a comfortable harness and taking your cat outside on a leash. To provide a little more freedom outside, there are fences made specifically to allow cats to enjoy the outdoors without a chance to escape.

Providing a variety of comfortable elevated resting places is another way to satisfy your cat’s needs. Cats often prefer to rest in high places where they are less vulnerable to disturbance or potential danger. They also enjoy having elevated perches from which to observe household activities as well as look out windows. You can provide your cat with hours of enjoyment by planting butterfly-attracting flowers outside a window and feeding birds near another.

Learning more about normal cat behavior is a great way to understand their needs and provide a healthy, happy indoor home for them. For more ideas, I recommend visiting our website, go to Training Classes and then click on Cat Tips.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Q: Activities for Dogs in Cold Weather?

2011-02-23T10:41:00.000-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I haven’t been walking my dog or playing with her outside since it’s been cold out and she seems to be bored. Do you have any suggestions for activities I can do with her inside?

Mary

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Hi Mary,

Dogs do need daily physical exercise and mental stimulation regardless of the weather. Most dogs are still happy to walk or play outside when it’s cold, so I encourage you to bundle up and go for a daily walk. If their physical and mental needs are not met, some dogs will seem as if they’re bored or depressed and just lie around or sleep a lot. Others will find their own activities to keep themselves entertained, which may be activities their humans do not want them to do. Providing appropriate daily activities for your dogs in the house is a great way to meet their needs and possibly even prevent unwanted behaviors.

There are many interactive toys for dogs (and cats) available today, most of which involve hiding dog food or treats in them for the dog to remove. Some are made to contain dry kibble and dogs must push or roll them around for the kibble to fall out one or two pieces at a time. These are not only great to use for snack time, but many people feed their dog’s meals in this type of toy instead of a bowl. This makes mealtime a ten to twenty minute activity which is good for mental stimulation and a little physical activity. Other toys are meant to contain a treat that can be licked out. Some examples of food that can be used in such toys include peanut butter (not too much), chicken, turkey or beef baby food, unsweetened applesauce, cooked mashed carrots, cooked mashed yams, or canned pumpkin (Yes, many dogs enjoy unsweetened pumpkin). You could also mix any of these soft foods with dry kibble and pack the mixture into the toy. Freezing a packed toy will lengthen the time it takes your dog to finish the treat. There are also puzzle toys in which to hide treats that are meant for use with human supervision, such as those made by Nina Ottosson. Other popular interactive toys are made by Premier Pet Products and The Kong Company.

Another option is to join a fun Nose Work class with your dog. Nose Work is a fairly new dog sport which was introduced to the East Coast in 2010 and was designed purely for dogs to have fun finding things with their noses. All breeds and mixes of all ages, and even reactive dogs can join a Nose Work class. Another great aspect of Nose Work is that all activities learned in classes are easily re-created at home. Classes are currently being offered at the Shiloh Veterinary Hospital York location. For more information please see our website.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Happy Holidays from Shiloh Veterinary Hospital!

2010-12-23T07:55:00.000-08:00

During this holiday season our staff would like to take a moment to remember all of the furry friends who have warmed our hearts over the past year.

We have been fortunate this year to rejoice with our clients in some amazingly happy moments, and we have been there to hold a hand and be a shoulder to cry on at times as well. Our thoughts go out to all of our clients who have lost a dear friend this year - we send you wishes of healing and joy for the New Year.

We are happy to have served you this year and hope that you all share a wonderful and safe holiday season with your furry family members.

Shiloh Veterinary Hospital would like to thank all of those who became part of our “family” this year.

The Doctors, Technicians & Staff of Shiloh Veterinary Hospital

Q: Anal Gland Expression?

2010-12-09T07:53:00.000-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My groomer recommended getting my dog’s anal glands expressed. What did she mean by that?

Bruce

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Dear Bruce,

Dogs and cats have scent glands known as anal sacs or anal glands just inside the anus. These glands normally empty when the pet has a bowel movement but may also be emptied or expressed when a cat or dog is nervous or frightened.

In some animals, these glands can become impacted or infected. Impaction means the glands fail to empty in a normal fashion. The exact cause of impaction is unknown, but may be caused by loose stools or a low fiber diet. Obstruction of the duct due to excessive weight or having a small/narrow duct may all be possible reason for an anal sac to become impacted.

In some cases, retained secretions cause local inflammation, and bacteria trapped in the gland can lead to infection and abscess formation.

Pets may have pain when they defecate, may lick at the area or bite at their tails, and may rub or “scoot” their bottoms across the ground. One may also notice a red or swollen area next to the anus or even an open wound or draining pus or blood if the abscess ruptures.

If your pet does not show any of these symptoms, please ask your groomer not to express anal glands when in for grooming.

Treatment of an abscessed anal gland involves having your veterinarian or veterinary nurse express the anal glands if possible to remove impacted material, oral antibiotics for two to four weeks to control infection, and, in many cases, flushing or irrigation of the glands. Warm compresses to encourage drainage and repeated anal gland expression and flushing may be necessary to heal the abscess.

Some pets have recurrent problems with impacted or infected glands. In these cases, expressing the glands every 4-6 weeks to keep them empty and changing to a high fiber diet or adding a fiber supplement may help to keep the glands from becoming impacted. In some cases, if recurrence is frequent or an abscess does not heal, surgical removal of the anal sacs may be necessary.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Q: Boarding and Canine Flu?

2010-12-01T07:50:00.000-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I’m going to be boarding my dog for the holidays but I was told I need a kennel cough vaccine. What is that?

Lisa

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Dear Lisa,

Kennel cough is a highly contagious disease of dogs and, less commonly, cats caused by a bacteria known as Bordetella bronchiseptica. While related to the bacteria that causes pertussis or whooping cough, bordetella or kennel cough is not contagious to humans. Dogs with kennel cough are often co-infected with other viruses or bacterial infections.

Kennel cough is most common in young dogs housed together in areas like boarding kennels, pet stores, or shelters. It is transmitted by direct contact with infected animals or through airborne droplets containing the bacteria that are inhaled.

Most cases of kennel cough are mild, and can cause a very deep, hoarse cough and sensitivity to the windpipe. In rare cases, kennel cough infection can progress to pneumonia with more severe symptoms like fever, cough, loss of appetite and nasal discharge.

Kennel cough can be treated with antibiotics and is preventable with either an intranasal or injectable vaccine. Affected dogs should be isolated from other dogs for two to four weeks though the bacteria may be shed in nasal secretions for up to three months.

Any dog who frequently stays at a boarding kennel or is exposed to lots of other dogs in situations such as dog shows, agility training, playing at a dog park or spending time at a grooming or doggie daycare facility would benefit from the preventative vaccine.

If your dog is in any of these situations on a regular basis, talk to your veterinarian about vaccination. You should also contact your vet if your pet is coughing, as prompt treatment helps prevent progression to pneumonia.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Keep your pets safe this Thanksgiving.

2010-11-23T07:48:00.000-08:00

The Thanksgiving holiday is a time to celebrate your family, friends and pets. You may be tempted to share a few tasty treats with your canine companion, too. After all, who can resist a dog’s loving eyes begging for just one little gobble-full of turkey?

But hold off feeding your dog from the Thanksgiving table. Many experts warn that many of the traditional holiday recipes for people are dangerous to your dog’s health. According to the Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society, feeding dogs large quantities of a new food, as well as fatty foods, such as turkey gravy, mashed potatoes with butter, and dressing, can cause pancreatitis. This potentially deadly inflammation of the pancreas produces severe symptoms of diarrhea or vomiting.

Forget giving your dog a holiday bone, too. Cooked turkey, duck, geese, and other bird bones are extremely dangerous to dogs. Cooked bones splinter and break easily, possibly causing sharp pieces to tear the intestines. A bone could pass by itself, but more often it becomes lodged in the dog’s throat, which could cause choking, or it could possibly cause an intestinal obstruction. Both situations require emergency veterinary attention and likely surgery.

Eliminate turkey skin as well. It’s hard to digest and high in fat, and the seasoning used to baste the poultry skin could give your dog an upset stomach.

Desserts are also off-limits. Chocolate can be fatal to dogs because it contains theobromine, which can increase your dog’s heart rate and cause hyperactivity, increased panting, twitching, diarrhea, and vomiting. Even sugar-free items that contain xylitol can be dangerous, causing stomach or intestinal irritation.

Beware of onions, too! These popular Thanksgiving ingredients used in stuffing, vegetable dishes, and some salads can cause life-threatening anemia when a dog ingests large amounts.
As always keep the phone number to your veterinarian and Poison Control nearby incase of an emergency.

ASPCA Poison Control: 1 (888) 426-4435

Have a Safe and Happy Halloween!

2010-10-29T05:51:00.000-07:00

Don't forget to read over our Halloween Safety Tips! Here are also some good reads to keep everyone safe this trick or treat season.

Safety Tips for People: http://www.halloween-safety.com/

CDC safety tips: http://www.cdc.gov/family/halloween/

Keep Kids Healthy: http://www.keepkidshealthy.com/welcome/autumn/halloween_safety.html

More ASPCA Safety Tips: http://www.aspca.org/pet-care/pet-care-tips/halloween-safety-tips.html

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Halloween Safety Tips for Pets

2010-10-22T05:48:00.000-07:00

Halloween safety tips for furry friends. Brought to you by the ASPCA

1. No tricks, no treats: That bowlful of candy is for trick-or-treaters, not for Scruffy and Fluffy.

* Chocolate in all forms—especially dark or baking chocolate—can be very dangerous for dogs and cats. Symptoms of significant chocolate ingestion may include vomiting, diarrhea, hyperactivity, increased thirst, urination and heart rate—and even seizures.

* Candies containing the artificial sweetener xylitol can be poisonous to dogs. Even small amounts of xylitol sweetener can cause a sudden drop in blood sugar, which leads to depression, lack of coordination and seizures.

2. Pumpkins, candy wrappers and decorative corn are considered to be relatively nontoxic, yet they can produce gastrointestinal upset should pets ingest them. Intestinal blockage could even occur if large pieces are swallowed.

3. Keep wires and cords from electric lights and other decorations out of reach of your pets. If chewed, your pet could experience damage to his mouth from shards of glass or plastic, or receive a possibly life-threatening electrical shock.

4. Take a closer look at your pet’s costume and make sure it does not have small, dangling or easily chewed-off pieces that he could choke on. Also, ill-fitting outfits can get twisted on external objects or your pet, leading to injury. Try on costumes before the big night. If your pet seems distressed, allergic or shows abnormal behavior, consider letting him go au naturale or donning a festive bandana.

5. All but the most social dogs and cats should be kept in a separate room away from the front door during peak trick-or-treat visiting hours. Too many strangers can be scary and stressful for pets. If for any reason your pet escapes or becomes lost, pets wearing a collar and tags and/or a microchip can increase the chances that he or she will be returned home.

Have a Safe and Happy Halloween! The Shiloh Veterinary Hospital Staff and Friends

Question: Parasites and my pet!

2010-10-16T05:48:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I think my pet has worms! What can I do to prevent them?

Nicole

----------------------------------------------

Dear Nicole,

In general when we mention internal parasites, people tend to think of the word “worms”. There are many different internal parasites and the only real worms that you are likely to see in your pet’s stool are roundworms and tapeworms. Included in the list of internal parasites that you cannot see are hookworms, whipworms, heartworms and a variety of protozoa (single-celled organisms). To find evidence of these worms, you must examine stool specimen under a microscope. To check for heartworms, a small blood sample is needed.

Past studies show that about 1 in 3 dogs carry internal parasites. Why is this? Dogs can ingest feces, cats eat mice, all pets can be bitten by mosquitoes (which can cause heartworm disease) and both can carry fleas which can cause tapeworms. The good news is that all of this is preventable! The prevention of internal parasites is preferred over the costs of treatment for parasites, inconveniences to the owner, and the discomfort of your pet. Just as important, many of these parasites have the potential to be transferred to humans!

My recommendations:
1. Submit a stool check each year to your veterinarian.
2. Keep your yard as clean as possible of feces.
3. Use flea preventatives like Advantix or Frontline.
4. Most important is the year-round use of a monthly heartworm preventative such as Interceptor which prevents heartworms and many intestinal parasites, on a monthly basis your round.
5. Get an annual heartworm test for your dog. Our heartworm test also tests for Lyme Disease, which is a very prevalent disease in our area.

A great web site on “worms”: GrowingUpWithPets.com

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: Anesthesia is it safe for my pet?

2010-10-08T14:40:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

How safe is anesthesia for my pet?

Jody

--------------------------------------

Dear Jody,

As with the human medicine, anesthetic agents and protocols have greatly improved over the past few decades. When I was a student at the University of Pennsylvania 32 years ago, I was trained to use a common combination of human anesthetics to anesthetize pets. Shortly thereafter I experienced my first anesthetic death in a small poodle. It was devastating to me and I even questioned whether I wanted to practice veterinary medicine.

With the many changes in anesthesia protocols through the years, veterinary medicine is now safer for all pets, including older dogs and cats with chronic medical conditions, not just young pets for neutering.

What is the difference over 30 years?

1. Probably the biggest difference over the past few decades has been in anesthesia monitoring. As a certified member of the American Animal Hospital Association, we are obligated to monitor all pets that undergo surgery. All of our patients are monitored for oxygen levels, respiratory and pulse rates, body temperature and EKG recordings.

2. As mentioned in last week’s article, we are proud to have 8 college graduate technicians. Our technicians are well-trained in anesthesia protocols and the monitoring of anesthesia. They stay with the pet from the beginning of anesthesia to the pet’s awakening.

3. Over the past 30 years, there have been a few new anesthetic agents introduced but what has changed veterinary medicine the most is the combination of anesthetics that we use, increasing safety dramatically.

4. The placement of an IV catheter and administration of IV fluids helps to maintain a stable blood pressure while a pet is under anesthesia. It also allows rapid delivery of the anesthetic drugs, and if necessary, life-saving medications in the event of an anesthetic problem.

5. Lastly, preoperative bloodwork is mandatory for most of our anesthesia and surgery cases. Anesthetic drugs are removed by the kidney and/or liver, and problems such as diabetes or clotting disorders are also picked up with preoperative bloodwork.

Go to our website, myshilohvet.com to download our surgery check list: under Services, Fees, click on Major & Minor Surgery. This informative brochure will help you understand the keys to a safe surgery for your pet.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: My Pet's Bark sounds odd?

2010-10-01T14:37:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My dog is unable to bark like he used to, is that possible? It sounds like he may have a cold.

Morgan

--------------------------

Dear Morgan,

Paralysis of the nerves that control the cartilage flaps that cover the larynx or voice box preventing them from completely opening is an uncommon condition typically affecting middle-aged, large breed dogs, though dogs of any age or breed may develop this condition.

Inflammation or trauma to the nerve causes loss of movement on one or both sides of the larynx which narrows the airway leading to symptoms such as coughing, hoarse bark, difficulty breathing, and, sometimes fainting during exercise or excitement. Severe cases may be fatal if respiratory arrest occurs.

This condition must be diagnosed by observing the larynx with the dog sedated to see if the cartilage flaps open and close normally.

Treatment for mild cases may include steroids to reduce inflammation but definitive treatment is a surgical treatment known as a laryngeal “tie-back” procedure which opens the airway.

Prognosis for dogs with laryngeal paralysis is guarded to good depending on the severity of the condition and obtaining proper diagnosis and treatment.

For more information visit our website - myshilohvet.com, go to Resources then click on Pet Health.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: AAHA does it matter?

2010-09-23T14:34:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I’m new to the area, what should I look for in a veterinary hospital? You’re AAHA accredited, does that matter?

Seth

-----------------------------

Dear Seth,

I feel that the York area has been blessed with many excellent small animal (dogs and cats) veterinarians over the years. When I graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, I elected to accept a job at Leader Heights Animal Hospital working with two excellent veterinarians, doctors Moist and Reckleffs. After a few years of gaining real world experience, I eventually founded the Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in 1979,focusing on the needs of dogs and cats.

As with most businesses however, a veterinary practice must find a market niche and then excel with that selection. I always felt it was important for my practice to have a high standard of care. When the Shiloh Veterinary Hospital became accredited by the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) in 1987, our standard of care became realized. Veterinary practices that accept the challenge of accreditation are evaluated on stringent quality standards that encompass all aspects of pet care - ranging from patient care and pain management to team training and medical records. Through accreditation, we gained external validation that our practice and our team operates at the highest standards.

It allowed our clients to gain peace of mind, because they know an AAHA-accredited practice is a team that they can trust to provide the very best care for their beloved pets. I am very proud of our staff, we have 5 certified veterinary technicians and 7 veterinarians. We also have a great team of receptionists, veterinary assistants and kennel staff that keeps our hospital running as smoothly as possible.

There are only 4 small animal hospitals in the York Area accredited by the AAHA. Three of them are: Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in Dover, Shiloh Veterinary Hospital East in Manchester and Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion.

When looking for a veterinarian remember the value in quality of care, availability and needs of your pet. To learn more about AAHA or the value in high quality care, please go to our website: www.myshilohvet.com.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: Heart Disease in Cats

2010-09-16T14:31:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

Recently my cat was diagnosed with heart disease, my veterinarian warned me about the potential for blood clots. Should I be concerned?

Jane S.

-----------------------------------

Dear Jane,

Aortic thromboembolism (blood clot) is a serious condition that may occur in cats with heart disease. Often, there is no history of a heart murmur or heart disease prior to clot formation. Because the diseased heart muscle does not pump blood efficiently, clots can form and travel from the heart into the large blood vessel called the aorta blocking blood flow. Clots most often block the femoral arteries causing partial or complete paralysis of the hind legs. The feet are often cold to the touch and the pads may look grey or purple instead of pink due to loss of circulation. Cats with aortic clots are usually very painful and they may have
respiratory distress.

Prognosis for full recovery is guarded, and many cats die or are euthanized due to heart failure or failure to respond to therapy. If treated early, however, some cats do survive. Clot busting drugs like heparin, low dose aspirin and even plavix are often used to try to break up the clot. Heart medications like lasix and enalapril are also frequently given. Surgical removal of the clot at a veterinary referral center may also be an option.

In summary, aortic clot formation secondary to heart disease is a serious and often fatal disease in cats and there are frequently no warning signs. Early intervention with medication or surgery to remove the clot may reverse the paralysis, but lifelong treatment for heart disease is necessary.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: Horner's Syndrome

2010-09-09T14:16:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I have a cocker spaniel that was recently diagnosed with Horner’s Syndrome. Are there any treatments?

Marcus

-----------------------

Dear Marcus,

Two peculiar syndromes in pets are Horner’s Syndrome and facial nerve paralysis. They are seen more often in dogs than cats and pets may have one or both conditions at the same time. Cocker Spaniels may have a higher incidence of facial nerve paralysis.

Horner’s Syndrome occurs when there is trauma or inflammation to the nerves on the face or chest that control the area around the eye. Injury to the nerve may occur spontaneously or may be secondary to trauma or to an ear infection. Usually, only one side of the face is affected. Pets with this condition have a small or constricted pupil, a drooping eyelid and a sunken appearance to the eye. Sometimes the third eyelid covers part of the eye.

Facial nerve paralysis also usually affects only one side, and may occur due to trauma or inflammation of the nerve controlling muscles on the side of the face. Affected pets cannot blink and the lip and ear on the abnormal side will droop. Sometimes water or food will fall out of the mouth on the affected side of the mouth. Unless related to an ear infection, there is no specific treatment for either condition. Eye drops may be necessary to prevent dry eye due to lack of blinking.

Pets usually adapt well and the neither condition causes any pain or loss of vision. Horner’s Syndrome and facial nerve paralysis may spontaneously resolve over time, but, in some cases, the changes are permanent.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: Diabetes in Pets Part 3

2010-09-02T14:12:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My cat was recently diagnosed with diabetes. I didn’t know it was
possible! What do we do next?

Darlene

---------------------------------------

Dear Darlene,

Over the past few weeks I have discussed a diabetes in dogs and cats. Today I will review diabetes in dogs.

Unfortunately, dogs only have the more serious form of diabetes called type I in people. All diabetic dogs require insulin and although weight-loss may lower insulin levels we still must give insulin 2 times daily.

1. Weight control. Because weight loss can be slow and frustrating in many dogs, I will normally start insulin therapy immediately. High fiber diets are recommended for a diabetic dogs to lower insulin levels.

2. Insulin therapy. Until recently, most veterinarians prescribed an insulin made exclusively for dogs. With present shortages of Vetsulin, we are now using human NPH insulin or PZI insulin. As with cats, our goal is to a limit the signs of diabetes such as an increase in drinking and urination and to minimize diseases (such as cataracts and liver disease) that are secondary to diabetes. We begin with a low dose of insulin two times daily to maximize safety and weight loss. Too much insulin can cause hypoglycemia, seizures and even death. Over a period of a few weeks to a month blood sugars are measured to determine the optimal level of insulin.

As mentioned in the initial article control in diabetes mellitus is a both an art and a science. Many dogs and cats can present roadblocks to easy control. But in general, the treatment of diabetes is very rewarding for both the owner and their pets.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: Diabetes in Pets Part 2

2010-09-01T14:07:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My cat was recently diagnosed with diabetes. I didn’t know it was possible! What do we do next?

Darlene

------------------------------

Dear Darlene,

Last week I discussed in general terms diabetes in dogs and cats. Today I will focus on diabetes mellitus in cats.

Our general goal of treatment is to decrease of the blood sugar level which will result in less drinking less urination, weight loss and allow for a long quality of life. As with people, we treat diabetes with diet control as well as insulin for most cats.

1. Diet. Addressing pet obesity may eliminate the need for insulin. Recent studies have documented the advantage of a high protein, low carbohydrate diet. Available from your veterinarian, prescription diets can help reach a goal of 1 to 2% weight-loss per week. In addition, canned foods are preferable (they typically have more protein) and scheduling 2 to 3 meals per day (not allowing free choice through the day), can aid in your pet’s weight loss.

2. Insulin therapy. Most veterinarians will select between two available insulins, a new insulin made exclusively for cats (ProZinc) and a human insulin, Lantus. We usually start with a low dose of 1 to 2 units two times daily. Using blood sugar testing as well as a more sophisticated test called a fructosamine, we slowly adjust the insulin to an optimum level over many weeks.

As mentioned last week, treating diabetes in dogs and cats is both an art and science. I have found that it can be challenging to regulate insulin levels if an owner is not compliant to the pets needs. However, with a good teamwork between your veterinarian and the pet owner, most cats will be well controlled with an excellent quality of life and usual life expectancy.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: Diabetes in Pets

2010-08-31T14:07:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My cat was recently diagnosed with diabetes. I didn’t know it was
possible! What do we do next?

Darlene

--------------------------

Dear Darlene,

Over the past year there have been many questions involving diabetes in both dogs and cats. I want to make sure I answer most of them, so we will begin a three part series on diabetes mellitus and pets.

Diabetes mellitus is a treatable condition that requires a committed effort by both of veterinarian and client. In the most pets, the treatment is very rewarding and most dogs and cats can live normal life expectancies. The treatment of diabetes is a combination of art and science, due in part to the many factors that affect the diabetic state and the animal’s response. Each animal needs individualized, frequent reassessment, and treatments may be modified based on this response.

In both dogs and cats diabetes is caused by a loss or a dysfunction of the pancreatic cells that produce insulin. The risk factors for dogs and cats include obesity, genetics, and in some cases diseases or drugs. Regardless of the underlying cause, diabetic dogs and cats are hyperglycemic (high blood sugar), which leads to the classic signs of an increase in drinking, urination, and increased appetite and weight loss.

There are many questions the veterinarian must ask him or herself in regards to how to initiate treatment. The variables include a variety of different insulin selections as well as dietary considerations. In many cases the treatment for diabetes in cats differs from that in dogs. Next week I will go over the treatment of diabetes in cats.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: Ear mites in Cats

2010-08-10T07:47:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My cat has just been diagnosed with ear mites. How could that happen?

Justin

--------------------------------------

Justin,

Ear mites are very small insects that look like microscopic ticks that live in the ear canal of cats and dogs. The majority of pets that get these are definitely cats and kittens.

Ear mites live in the ear canal of pets and occasionally crawl out onto the face and head of the pet. When your pet rubs faces with another pet that has ear mites, your pet can pick them up. They eventually find their way into your pet’s ear canal and start breeding and living there, too.

As they begin to overpopulate, they can cause an inflammatory process to begin, and sometimes a secondary bacterial or yeast infection. This causes a lot of discomfort to your pet; she will start shaking her head and scratching at her ears, causing even more inflammation and infection.

The typical discharge produced is a dark brown to black, dry crusty material that resembles coffee grounds. But don’t be fooled; other ear canal infections can look like this too, so you want to get it confirmed by your veterinarian to make sure your pet gets the proper treatment.

There are many different treatments available for ear mites. Some products take 2-3 weeks to work, others 1 day, and other topical products prevent them in the first place. Your veterinarian will know which one is the best for your pet. And by the way, only in the most unusual cases will people ever get ear mites, so you can feel safe that you won’t get them. However, people have been known to get rashes from them.

And remember, if one of your pet’s have ear mites, and you have other pets, they may get them and need treated too. You may need to get your whole clan checked out by your veterinarian.

So if your cat, kitten or dog is shaking his head and scratching at his ears, take him to your veterinarian right away to get the proper treatment. Whether it’s ear mites or another type of infection, your pet will thank you for getting rid of this annoying problem.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Skin infection in Dogs?

2010-08-07T07:44:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My collie was diagnosed with a skin infection but all I am able to see is small red circular skin lesions. I think it look more like ringworm. Is it really a skin infection?

Wyatt

----------------------------------------

Hi Wyatt,

The fancy term for skin infection is pyoderma. The most common clinical signs associated with pyoderma are lesions that look is similar to acne in humans. They are often red and raised, with a white pus filled center. Skin infection usual occurs secondary to scratching or licking from diseases such as allergies or mange. Common areas to find skin infection include the belly and feet.

Collies can develop skin infections that include circular patches (1 -2 inches in diameter) ,with a crusting noted in the periphery of the lesion. The most common area we see this form of a pyoderma is on the belly but may also be found over the back. Large breeds such as dobermans and great danes, can develop skin infections on their chins much like teenagers. Other breeds such as Cocker spaniels and schnauzers have a genetic predisposition to a pyoderma on their backs. Some dogs may be mildly itchy but many have no clinical signs other than the circular lesions on the skin.

Cats can also develop pyoderma, usually the infection is found near their mouth and chin area.

So how do we treat skin infection? Because hormonal diseases such as a hypothyroidism may predispose a pet to skin infection, testing may be needed. But, in general antibiotics used for a minimum of three weeks will clear up most skin infections.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Hyperthyroidism in Cats

2010-08-04T07:44:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My cat was diagnosed with hyperthyroidism, what treatments are available? Which is the best?

Susan

--------------------------------

Hi Susan,

Feline hyperthyroidism, or overactive thyroid gland, is a common condition in older cats. It is generally caused by a benign tumor in the thyroid gland located in the neck. The gland produces hormones which help control metabolism.

Symptoms include increased appetite with concurrent weight loss, vomiting and/or diarrhea, increased thirst and urination, agitation and increased vocalization. Cats may have one or more of the symptoms listed above.

Complications of hyperthyroid disease, particularly if left untreated, include high blood pressure, retinal detachment and heart disease. Diagnosis is made by testing thyroid levels in the blood. Hyperthyroid disease is relatively easy to treat, especially if caught early. Treatment options include radioactive iodine therapy, medication, and surgical removal of the thyroid gland.

Radioactive iodine therapy involves visiting a special treatment facility to receive an injection of a radioactive substance into the bloodstream targeting the abnormal thyroid tissue. This treatment is curative. The cat must board at the facility for about a week after treatment so that radioactive waste material can be properly disposed of.

The most common treatment is in the form of a daily medication called methimazole. Methimazole does not cure hyperthyroidism but does help to control the symptoms. As mentioned above, the medication must be given every day for the duration of the cat’s life. As many cats are not easy to medicate, this can be a frustrating prospect. The medication does come in several formulations including a tablet, an oral liquid that may be flavored to make it more palatable, and a transdermal gel applied to the cat’s ear flap where it is absorbed into the bloodstream. Side effects such as vomiting, loss of appetite or an allergic reaction causing itching around the face can occur with methimazole use. A small number of patients do not respond to medication.

The third option is surgical removal of the thyroid gland. Dr. Hoffman and myself are both trained to perform this type of surgery. At Shiloh Veterinary Hospital we have been successful with this type of treatment with little to no complications. Thyroidectomies are a great alternative when radioactive iodine therapy or medications have not shown improvement in your pet’s condition.

Hyperthyroidism is a common but treatable disease of older cats. If your cat is showing any symptoms listed above, please make an appointment with your veterinarian today.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Eye squinting?

2010-07-08T07:27:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I noticed recently that my dog squints his left eye a lot and he tends to have a lot of discharge. I just thought it was allergies but now I’m not so sure.

Denise

-----------------------------

Hi Denise,

The cornea is the clear covering of the eye. Symptoms include squinting, discharge from the corner of the eye which may be clear or green/yellow, a cloudy or blue appearance to the clear part of the eye, and sometimes redness of the white part of the eye and the surrounding conjunctiva.

Corneal ulcers are quite painful. Imagine having an eyelash in your eye that you cannot remove. This is what a corneal ulcer feels like. In some cases, the ulcer can cause enough damage to the cornea that permanent damage occurs. The ulcer may become so deep that it causes the eye to rupture. This may lead to loss of vision, and in some cases, loss of the eye itself.

Any dog or cat can develop a corneal ulcer, but breeds such as pugs, boxers, persian cats, and other breeds with prominent eyes may have a slightly higher incidence. Treatment includes frequent use of eye drops to prevent infection, control pain, and help the ulcer to heal.

If you suspect that your pet has a corneal ulcer or any other problem with his or her eye, it is best to visit your veterinarian as soon as possible. Serious complications can occur if an ulcer or other eye injury is left untreated.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Keep Pets Safe on Independence Day

2010-07-01T07:22:00.000-07:00

Keep Pets Safe & Healthy on Independence Day

The ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center offers the following tips:

Never leave alcoholic drinks unattended where pets can reach them. Alcoholic beverages have the potential to poison pets. If ingested, the animal could become very intoxicated and weak. Death from respiratory failure is also a possibility in severe cases.

Do not apply any sunscreen or insect repellent product to your pet that is not labeled specifically for use on animals. Ingestion of sunscreen products can result in drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, excessive thirst and lethargy. Insect repellent that contains DEET can lead to neurological problems.

Always keep matches and lighter fluid out of your pets’ reach. Certain types of matches contain chlorates, which could potentially damage blood cells and result in difficulty breathing. Lighter fluid can be irritating to skin, and if ingested can produce gastrointestinal irritation and central nervous system depression. If inhaled, aspiration and breathing problems could develop.

Keep your pets on their normal diet. Any change, even for one meal, can give your pets severe indigestion and diarrhea.

Do not put glow jewelry on your pets, or allow them to play with it. Though these products are not highly toxic, excessive drooling and gastrointestinal irritation could still result from ingestions, and intestinal blockage could occur from swallowing large pieces of the plastic containers.

Keep citronella candles, insect coils and oil products out of reach. Ingestions can produce stomach irritation and possibly even central nervous system depression. If inhaled, the oils could cause aspiration pneumonia in pets.

Never use fireworks around pets! While exposure to lit fireworks can potentially result in severe burns and/or trauma to the face and paws of curious pets, even unused fireworks can pose a danger. Many types contain potentially toxic substances, including potassium nitrate, arsenic and other heavy metals.

Happy 4th!
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: Hepatic Lipidosis?

2010-06-24T07:19:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I have a cat that is overweight, at my last visit the veterinarian mentioned Hepatic lipidosis could develop. Should I be concerned?

Beth

-----------------------

Hi Beth,
Cats are sometimes prone to a serious illness called fatty liver disease or hepatic lipidosis. Overweight cats are at higher risk. Typically, stress or illness causes the cat to stop eating. When the cat stops eating, the body is tricked into thinking it is starving and fat starts to mobilize from the body, accumulating within the liver. This, in turn, affects liver function.

Most cats with fatty liver disease have experienced a recent, rapid weight loss, their skin and mucous membranes appear yellow or jaundiced, and they may be dehydrated, have nausea or vomiting and appear quiet or depressed.

Definitive diagnosis of hepatic lipidosis is by ultrasound of the liver or by liver biopsy, however, the disease is often suspected based on history, blood tests and clinical signs.

It is very important that cats with fatty liver disease start to receive enough calories to maintain their daily energy requirements. Force feeding may be attempted if the cat is not vomiting. If vomiting is present, medications are often used to control nausea, and many patients benefit from having a feeding tube placed. The feeding tube is usually placed either via the nose, or via a brief surgical procedure to place the tube in the esophagus. The cat is then fed a slurry through the tube. The feeding tubes can stay in for several weeks, and many cats can be fed at home by their owners. Once the cat starts eating on his own, the tube is removed. Other treatments might include intravenous fluids, antibiotics and vitamin
supplements and liver support drugs like SAMe.

Hepatic lipidosis can be a very serious illness and in some cases, may even be fatal so prompt treatment is necessary. If you notice that your cat is not eating for several days, or if her skin or gums look yellow, please seek immediate veterinary attention.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Part 4: Pet is scratching a lot?

2010-06-17T07:14:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My dog’s skin has been itchy and my veterinarian diagnosed a flea allergy. I am confused because I have only seen one or two fleas on my pet. Can this be true?

Terry

-----------------------------

Hi Terry,

Flea allergy dermatitis is a leading cause of scratching in dogs and cats. When fleas feed, they inject a small amount of saliva into the skin. Proteins in saliva are the usual allergen or chemical which causes of this intense itchy response. Dogs and cats with flea bite dermatitis do not have to be infested with many fleas to be itchy. In fact, a single flea bites can cause itching for up to a week.

So how is flea allergy dermatitis diagnosed?

Clinical signs often give the first clue that your pet may suffer from flea allergies. Itching and hair loss in the region from the middle of the back to the tail base and the rear legs is mostly associated with a flea allergy.

The treatment for flea allergy certainly includes very strict flea control. Utilization of monthly topical treatments such as Frontline and Advantix can help to kill adult fleas, and use of Sentinel (for dogs) or Program injectable (for cats) can help to quickly reduce flea populations in your house by preventing the development of immature flea stages which account for over 90% of the total flea population! Treatment of the home will also be recommended to cut down on flea infestations. As with an inhaled allergy, antihistamines such as Benadryl work poorly. Rather, corticosteroids or cortisone is widely used to treat flea bite dermatitis. They often bring about rapid relief to the poor itchy patient.

For more information about allergies, visit our website at www.myshilohvet.com, go to Resources and then click Pet Health.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Part 3: Pet is scratching a lot?

2010-06-10T06:53:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My cat seems to be scratching a lot lately. I thought it could be fleas but I’m not seeing any signs. What else could it be?

Kurt

--------------------------------

Hi Kurt,

Over the past few weeks I have discussed the causes of pruritus (itching) in our pets. The most common cause of itching and scratching is allergies. Today we will discuss how food allergies can contribute to pruritus.

In pets with food allergies, the immune system overreacts and produces antibodies to substances that it would normally tolerate. This excessive response is termed an allergic reaction.

The most common food allergens are proteins from dairy products and beef. However, proteins such as gluten from wheat, chicken, fish, other substances and additives can also cause allergic reactions. A common misconception is that corn products routinely cause allergies in pets, when studies have actually shown that corn very rarely at fault.

Overall, true food allergies in pets are actually quite rare. Most veterinary dermatologists think they might account for as little as 2% of all allergies.

How is the condition it diagnosed?

Pets are placed on hypoallergenic diets that contain none of the ingredients that the pet has eaten in the past. The food elimination diet must be continued for up to three months to determine if the pet actually has food allergy. Since the pets can have nothing else to eat (no human food, treats or rawhides are allowed), this can be a difficult process for pets and their owners. After a pet has been diagnosed with food allergies, there are a number of commercially available, treats and palatable hypoallergenic diets that can be fed for the rest of your pet’s life.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Part 2: Pet is scratching a lot?

2010-06-03T06:40:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My cat seems to be scratching a lot lately. I thought it could be fleas but I’m not seeing any signs. What else could it be?

Kurt

-------------------------------

Hi Kurt,

Last week I discussed the many causes of pruritus (itching and scratching) in dogs and cats. Today I will review the most common cause of pruritus, allergies.
What is an allergy?

An allergy is a state of over-reactivity or hypersensitivity of the immune system to a particular substance that we call an allergen. Most allergens are proteins. The allergen may be of insect, plant or animal origin and may be eaten (food allergy), inhaled (hayfever in people and atopy in pets), or touched (poison ivy in people).

The most common symptom associated with allergies is itching. Another common allergy is an inhalant allergy called atopy. The main cause of inhaled allergens are trees, weeds, grass pollens, house dust mites and molds. Many of these allergies occur seasonally such as ragweed and grass pollens. However, others such as mold, mildew, and house mites can be year round. When humans inhale these allergens, the allergy manifests mainly with respiratory signs such as runny eyes, running nose and sneezing. But in dogs and cats the result is usually itchy skin.

Next week we will discuss two main causes of allergies, food and fleas.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: Pet is scratching a lot?

2010-05-27T07:47:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My cat seems to be scratching a lot lately. I thought it could be fleas but I’m not seeing any signs. What else could it be?

Kurt

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Hi Kurt,

It is usually around this time of year that we see a lot of itchy pets come into the veterinary hospital. Most pet owners usually assume it must do with external parasites but an itchy pet can actually be a symptom of other skin issues.

The term we use for itching and scratching is pruritus. Pruritus is a common sign of many skin disorders and is one of the most common reasons dog and cat owners seek veterinary care. There are many causes of pruritus. Flea allergy dermatitis, seasonal allergies or atopy, food allergies, contact dermatitis and sarcoptic mange are some of the most common causes of scratching in dogs and cats. To complicate our diagnosis, even pets with a mild scratching can develop both bacterial and yeast skin
infections which can cause even more scratching.

Skin diseases can be challenging and frustrating both for owners and veterinarians. In order to diagnose the specific causes of itching in your pet, several tests and treatments may be necessary. In some cases this process may take weeks to months and some pets may require even lifelong treatment for their condition.

Over the next month I am going to discuss the causes of pruritus.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Leptospirosis?

2010-05-20T07:46:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My dog, Max is vaccinated for for leptospirosis. What is it?

Ed
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Hi Ed,

Leptospirosis is an illness caused by a group of bacteria in the genus Leptospira. These bacteria are typically shed in the urine of animals like raccoons, skunks, and others. Leptospirosis is zoonotic meaning both animals and people can become infected with the bacteria.

Dogs are frequently affected when they come into contact with an infected water supply like a pond or stream or even a puddle. Bacteria enter the body by ingestion or by entering a wound. Dogs used for hunting, who live on farms or in other rural areas or dogs who are not vaccinated are at higher risk. People are infected in the same manner but may also be infected if their dog has leptospirosis and the person comes in contact with the dog’s urine or saliva.

Symptoms in dogs include vomiting, loss of appetite, fever, lethargy and sometimes increased thirst and urination. People generally experience flu-like symptoms. The bacteria typically target the liver and kidneys. In severe cases, liver or kidney failure may occur. Leptospirosis causes serious illness and can even be fatal. If caught early, the disease may be treated with antibiotics, though even with treatment, permanent damage to the liver or kidneys may occur.

Leptospirosis can be prevented by vaccination against the disease. Not allowing dogs to drink from ponds or other standing water, particularly in wooded areas or on farms can also reduce the risk of contracting the disease. Most distemper vaccines contain leptospirosis. Dogs, such as hunting dogs, who are at higher risk may benefit from a leptospira booster every six months. Some patients do seem to have an allergic reaction to the leptospira vaccine so talk to your veterinarian about the risks and benefits of this vaccine to see if it fits your dog’s lifestyle.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: What to do with baby birds?

2010-05-06T06:00:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

Every spring I find baby birds that fall out their nests in my barn and I never know what is best to do with them? Any suggestions?

Thanks,
Phil

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Hi Phil,

“I found a baby bird—what should I do?” is a frequent call received at our veterinary clinic every spring. You may be surprised that our advice will be to do nothing. Why? Because you would be interfering with a natural process. Baby birds, such as the American robin, even birds of prey like owls and hawks, leave the nest before they are able to fly. If a baby bird seems to be fully feathered, don’t worry - their parents will support them from the ground, responding to their hunger cries. What you can do is keep children and pets a safe distance away.

A true nestling can be identified by its covering of down and scant feathers, or by a completely down coat if they are a bird of prey. If you happen to find one, it is ok to return it to its nest if you can reach it. Touching it will not make the mother abandon it. In general, birds have a relatively poor sense of smell and will not detect a human scent. Not every bird that hatches will survive. Multiple eggs are laid so that hopefully at least one will make it! As harsh as this fact may sound, other wildlife are dependent on baby birds as a food source and a means of survival.

Birds, with a few exceptions like the starling, house sparrow and pigeon, are protected by state and federal game laws. If you find a baby bird, owl or hawk that truly requires medical assistance, our office can provide you with contact information for the appropriate licensed wildlife rehabilitator.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: AAHA accreditation?

2010-04-28T06:06:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I heard an advertisement on the radio about your hospital being an AAHA practice what does that mean?

Dave

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Hi Dave,

As a proud member of the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA), I never get tired of this question! In 1987, we sought accreditation by AAHA because it was important to my practice, no matter what costs were involved. AAHA helps me make my practice better and ensures each pet is getting a high quality of care.

AAHA has approximately 3,000 hospitals that voluntarily participate in the evaluation program. Outside consultants from AAHA perform rigorous inspections to ensure we comply with the 900 different standards for service and facilities In
York County, only 3 hospitals are certified: Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in Dover, Shiloh Veterinary Hospital East and Patton Animal Hospital in
Red Lion.

An excellent example of the difference between certified AAHA hospitals and non-certified hospitals is quality of care during surgery and anesthesia. For instance, to perform a spay we utilize a surgeon, a surgical assistant, and a
technician in charge of anesthesia from the 1st injection of a sedative to your pet’s awakening.

Depending on the surgery performed, oxygen levels, heart rate, EKG, blood pressure, respiration and body temperature are monitored during the procedure. Pain medication is used before, during, and after any surgery that we perform, to keep your pet comfortable and to speed healing.

Are there national standardized protocols written for non-certified veterinary hospitals on quality of care for your pet? No.

That’s the importance of AAHA certification, visit our website at www.myshilohvet.com
to learn more.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Feline Weight loss tips

2010-04-22T06:00:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

How can I help my cat lose weight?

Thanks,
Missy

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Hi Missy,

Last week we began a discussion on obesity in cats. In general, feline obesity is common, and can result in a shortened life expectancy.

1. Keep up the exercise. Cats can be encouraged to play throughout their lives. Examples of exercise for cats include, playing “Find the Food”, move the food bowl upstairs or downstairs and rotate it so that the cat always has to walk to get to its food bowl. Look for cat “puzzle” toys where you can hide their entire meal inside so that they must play to release kibble to eat! Utilize feather toys, flashlights, laser pens, paper bags or balls, anything that your cat finds interesting to chase. Try to engage your cat for ten minutes twice a day.

2. Cats are true carnivores and need a higher level of protein in their diet. Dry food tends to have more carbohydrates than wet food. So feeding predominately a wet food diet which has more protein, may have an advantage (so long as you control the portion sizes).

3. Watch the calories. A typical 8 pound cat really only needs about 150 to 170 calories per day or one six oz can per day. Feed small meals frequently. Divide the total volume or calories into four to six smaller meals.

4. There are diet foods made for cats. There are now many types of “prescription” diet foods available that surpass the typical “light” formula that you may find in the pet store. At our practice, we primarily use two foods made by Hill’s Science Diet. R/D is low-calorie, high fiber food. M/D is a very high protein diet, but must be fed in fairly small portions. This food can increase your cats metabolism & the high protein levels can help a cat to feel more satisfied, despite the smaller portions.

5. Rechecks and weigh-ins. After you have put your cat on a weight loss program, it is critical that you determine if it is working for your cat. Each cat is different and may require many changes in diet or routine. In general, your cat should be weighed every month until the ideal weight is achieved. Typically your cat should lose about one pound per month. Work closely and actively with your veterinarian to ensure that your pet safely achieves his or her weight loss goals.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Feline Obesity

2010-04-15T06:00:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My cat currently weighs in at 21 lbs, the same size as my small dog! What can I do? I can see that my cat’s weight is starting to effect his overall happiness.

Thanks,
Missy

-----------------------------------

Dear Missy,

A few weeks ago I answered a question on obesity in dogs. Today I would like to discuss the growing problem of obesity in cats.

Is a feline obesity problem?

Yes! Obesity is defined as an excess of body weight of 30% or more and is the most common nutritional disease in cats today. It is estimated that about 40% of all adult cats are obese, and there are many more that are simply overweight. Obesity in cats is a known risk factor for type II diabetes, heart disease, arthritis and some forms of cancer. In general, diabetes is probably the most common disease we see in obese cats. Another health concern is a disease called hepatic lipidosis. This is a severe form of liver failure in cats. Hepatic lipidosis typically occurs in cats that are obese and have undergone a brief period of stress and anorexia.

There are many factors that contribute to obesity in cats. A cat’s family genetics can lead to obesity, while other factors are related to diet and environment. It is important for the cat owner and veterinarian to keep these factors in mind when treating feline obesity. Indoor cats are more prone to obesity perhaps because they tend to eat out of boredom. Also indoor cats have less opportunity to stay trim through exercise. An indoors cat’s exercise routine can include play with puzzle toys, feathers, laser pens and hunting games with mice.

Next week I’ll share more tips on cat weight loss and tools to conquer cat obesity.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: My dog is becoming overweight! Pt. 2

2010-04-08T09:23:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

Over the past few months I have noticed my dog has gained quite a few pounds. What can I do to help him lose weight?

Thanks,
Paul

------------------------------

Dear Paul,

In last week’s article we discussed obesity in dogs, suggesting that just as with people, the leading causes of obesity include genetics and diet. A common disease that can also result in obesity is called hypothyroidism.

The thyroid gland is one the most important glands in the body. The thyroid gland, located in the neck near the windpipe, regulates the body’s metabolic rate. If the thyroid is underactive, the metabolism slows down which may lead to weight gain. The
cause of hypothyroidism for the most part is not known. Certainly genetics play a major part in diseases as we see certain breeds like retrievers diagnosed with hypothyroidism far more frequently than other breeds.

When the metabolic rate does slow down, virtually every organ in the body is affected. Some of the symptoms that we in see hypothyroid cases include weight gain without an increase in appetite, lethargy, cold intolerance, flaking dry skin and dull hair with excessive shedding that leads to very thin to nearly bald areas in the fur.

Testing for hypothyroidism can include a simple blood test called a T4. A more indepth thyroid profile can be sent to a laboratory at Michigan State University. This profile is more likely to give a definitive diagnosis, and can include a comment from an endocrinologist, which can assist your veterinarian in treatment recommendations.

The treatment for hypothyroid disease is fairly simple and utilizes a replacement hormone in the form of a tablet. The medication comes in a chewable form and is administered twice daily. Most owners will notice changes in their pet’s condition within a month of starting treatment.

Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: My dog is becoming overweight!

2010-04-01T09:12:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

Over the past few months I have noticed my dog has gained quite a few pounds. What can I do to help him lose weight?

Thanks,
Paul

----------------------------------------

Dear Paul,

Unfortunately, dogs and cats have experienced an increase in obesity in the United States recently. Today I will focus on dogs, next week hypothyroidism and in a few weeks cat obesity.

Our dog population in general is larger today versus 30 years ago. Popular breeds such as laborador and golden retrievers are also more prone to diseases like hypothyroidism, when the thyroid gland causes weight gain, and quite simply are more laid-back and using less calories than earlier generations of these breeds.

So what do you do if your dog is overweight?

First, schedule an appointment with your veterinarian to begin a conversation about your pet’s weight gain. Your veterinarian may perform bloodwork to rule out any potential disease that could cause changes in your pet’s weight.

Your veterinarian may recommend the following:

1. First trying to simply cut back on treats. Place the dog on a “light” food and increase exercise. Did you know that one large milk bone has about 270 calories! Substitute a rawhide strip, or something as simple as a Stauffer’s Animal Cracker which is about 14 to 16 calories per cracker. You can also see if your dog likes vegetables such as carrots, celery, or green beans and use them as treats instead.

2. Utilize a high fiber diet under the discretion of a veterinarian. In our clinic we prescribe Hill’s Prescription R/D which has about 40% less calories and seems to satisfy most dogs. Our plan includes a biweekly weigh-in and if there is no weight loss we will cut back on the quantity of food offered.

3. A good option for the truly obese dog, or for a dog who is having great difficulty losing weight, is a drug by Pfizer called Slentrol. We have had incredible success with most dogs losing 5% or more of their body weight per month with little to no side effects.

Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: Cat Frequently Urinating with Decrease in Urine

2010-03-25T09:06:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My male cat frequently visits the litterbox and I’m noticing a decrease in urine. Should I be concerned?

Danielle

-----------------------------

Hi Danielle,

If your dog or cat is straining to urinate, urinating more frequently or has bloody urine, he or she may have bladder stones. The most common types of stones are struvite, calcium oxalate and urate. Struvite stones often form in patients who have recurrent bladder infections. Calcium oxalate stones are often the result of genetics, certain underlying illnesses or excessive calcium or oxalate in the diet. Urate stones are common in Dalmatians and are the result of a genetic defect in which the breed lacks an enzyme needed to break down uric acid.

Both male and female cats and dogs can form bladder stones; however, in males, the stones may become lodged in the urethra causing an obstruction which can cause serious illness and even death.

How does your veterinarian know your pet has a bladder stone? A urinalysis may show blood or crystals in the urine but stones are typically diagnosed by taking an x-ray of the bladder.

Once the diagnosis has been made, your pet will most likely need surgery to remove the stones. If the pet has struvite stones, a special diet may be used to try to dissolve the stones. Calcium oxalate and urate stones do not dissolve and must be surgically removed.

Once the stones have been removed, we focus on preventing new stones from forming. Your veterinarian may recommend checking periodic urine samples for infections or crystals and perhaps repeating x-rays several times a year. Controlling urine pH and promoting dilute urine can be achieved by using one of several prescription canned diets and encouraging the pet to drink more water. Sometimes medications are also added to control the urine pH. Urate stones are prevented with medication called allopurinol.

Bladder stones can be frustrating and can cause serious complications for your pet. If your pet does develop stones, timely treatment, surgery if needed, and steps to prevent recurrence of stones can help your pet continue to lead a happy, healthy life.

Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: Dog's ear flap looks like balloon!

2010-03-11T09:05:00.000-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I noticed my dog’s ear flap has filled up with fluid like a balloon. Is this a hematoma?

Audrey

------------------------------------

Hi Audrey,

A hematoma of the ear flap is commonly referred to as an aural hematoma. This happens when a blood vessel inside the ear flap is broken, and the ear flap fills with blood. This usually occurs with some form of trauma to the ear, such as excessive head shaking due to an ear canal infection, allergies, or blunt trauma. This condition occurs most commonly in dogs, but can affect cats also.

If this happens to your pet, your veterinarian will want to check for ear canal infections, etc. and correct those first. As for that swollen ear flap, there are multiple options to correct that. One of the most sure ways to correct it is with surgery, which would require anesthesia. The inside of the ear flap is incised, and the blood and clots cleaned out. It is then sutured in a variety of ways to promote both continual drainage and proper healing.

Another option is to lance the hematoma, and place a special drain in it for 2-3 weeks. This procedure does not require anesthesia, but will take longer to drain than in the surgical procedure. This way is generally successful, but I have seen some of these return on occasion.

Some veterinarians will just simply use a syringe to aspirate the blood out, but it usually fills right back up and may need this done several times to get it healed properly. Also, each time a needle is used, infection may be introduced.

But what if you do nothing at all except treat a possible ear canal infection? The body will eventually re-absorb the blood. However, the hematoma may get larger before it gets better, and this may take several months to resolve. This also results in a less cosmetic heal, because the ear flap scars down tight and creates a “cauliflower” ear. Also, this big ear flap can be very uncomfortable to your pet during this long period of treatment.

And last but not least, there is some newer research out there that reports the use of anti-inflammatories such as Prednisone may help too.

So which is best for your pet? That is best determined by your veterinarian. A veterinarian will discuss things with you like severity, age, cosmetics, cost, and risks to come up with the best option for you and your pet.

Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: My dog's breath is horrible

2010-03-05T05:26:00.000-08:00

Dear Gregory,

Dental care of dogs and cats is one of the most commonly overlooked areas of pet health care. In fact, a recent AAHA study showed that approximately two-thirds of pet owners do not provide the dental care that is recommended as
essential by veterinarians.

Dental disease doesn’t just affect your pet’s mouth. Unfortunately it can lead to more serious health problems including heart, lung and kidney disease, which makes it all the more important that you provide your pets with proper dental care from the start.

Henry’s doggie breath or Sally’s terrible tuna breath can be indicative of an oral problem. Dental disease causes the mouth to have odor, painful gums and potentially tooth loss. However with routine dental care at home and help from your veterinarian, dental disease can be prevented.

Keep your pet from becoming a victim of dental disease:

Home dental care – As a pet owner you play a pivotal role in helping ensure your pet’s dental health through regular brushing. Taking time to brush your pet’s teeth daily helps remove bacteria from your pet’s mouth. Utilizing dental care products like Hill’s T/D food or CET rawhide chews can prevent the excessive build up of tartar.

A routine dental exam with your veterinarian — At your pet’s yearly or bi-annual physical, have your veterinarian inspect your pet’s mouth. Ask if there are any signs of dental disease, what stage of disease your pet may be experiencing and what you can do to prevent it from worsening in the future.

Schedule a professional dental cleaning – Your veterinarian may recommend a dental cleaning under anesthesia. This dental cleaning is more thorough and can get under the gum line to remove tartar. At this time your veterinarian can extract or repair any diseased teeth. Make sure your veterinarian does a preoperative blood screening prior to the dental cleaning. This screening will alert your veterinarian to any potential anesthesia risk.

Watch When Henry met Sally on SVHtube. Go to http://www.youtube.com/shilohvet. Make a pledge in the comments section to provide your pet with a happy healthy mouth in 2010.

Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

Question: Separation Anxiety

2010-02-14T10:42:00.000-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My dog has been chewing my furniture, carpet & other small items when I’m at work. Does he have separation anxiety?

William

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Hi William,

Although causing damage in the house can be a sign of separation anxiety, many dogs do not have separation anxiety, but are destructive simply because they are bored and do not have enough daily exercise.

An estimated 17% (10.7 million) of dogs in the United States suffer from separation anxiety. These are dogs that have developed an over-attachment to one or more people in the home and experience severe anxiety when the person or people leave the home. Common behaviors seen with separation anxiety include urination and defecation, destructive chewing, excessive barking or whining, drooling, pacing, vomiting, trembling and self mutilation (licking or chewing themselves). It’s important to know that these dogs are not exhibiting any of these behaviors due to “spite” or revenge at their owners for leaving them. Dogs do not even have the mental capacity to act in spiteful or revengeful ways. They do, however, react from stress. Separation anxiety is a severe form of stress, similar to panic attacks experienced by some people.

Although our lifestyles & the way we interact with our dogs can contribute to separation anxiety, most experts agree that many dogs have a genetic predisposition toward developing separation anxiety. Dogs who are re-homed, especially multiple times, can also develop separation anxiety.

Separation anxiety does not resolve without proper treatment and management. A comprehensive treatment plan including anti-anxiety medication and a behavior modification plan is essential. Left untreated, separation anxiety greatly decreases the dog’s quality of life and can lead to serious injury.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, VMD

A great article on rabies law and what to do in a dog attack

2010-01-27T18:56:00.000-08:00

Here is a great article from the York Newspaper by Susan Jennings called Rabies treatment no walk in the park.

http://www.inyork.com/ci_14240162?source=most_emailed

Question: Food Allergies

2010-01-11T10:04:00.000-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I think my dog has allergies. How do I find out what he is allergic to?

Robert

-------------------------------

Hi Robert,

Last year we had a question on a similar topic regarding allergies in pets. Dogs and cats with show typical signs or allergies such as a feet and belly licking, leg chewing, face rubbing and secondary ear infections. In the winter, most seasonal allergies caused by grass, molds, and pollens are finally over. However, just this week I saw a number of pets still scratching. These pets are either allergic to indoor items such as dust mites and human dander, or they may have a food allergy.

Over the years veterinary dermatologists continue to debate whether or not food allergies are a major cause of scratching in pets. Some dermatologists place the percentages of food allergies in pets only at 1 to 2%, while others think it may be well over 10%. However it is agreed by both veterinarian and pet owner, that this is a very frustrating problem to diagnose. Ultimately success can be found in treating pets with food allergies with a little time and patience.

The winter is a excellent time to test for food allergies. Unfortunately, there is no reliable blood test and we rely on a “food elimination diet”. Most food allergies are caused by proteins in pet food that can include chicken, beef, fish and milk. With the food elimination diet, we place the pet either on a protein they have never had before such as a rabbit or a diet that includes single amino acids, an allergen free protein source. It can take up to 3 months to see improvement, so patience is very important. If the client feels there is an improvement after 8 weeks, we reintroduce the original diet and if the scratching resumes, we have a tentative diagnosis of a food allergy. Our goal from that point on is to find which proteins are causing the problem and eliminate them from the diet to keep the pet healthy and happy.

There are only 3 hospitals in the York Area accredited by the AAHA. The Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in Dover, Shiloh Veterinary Hospital East in Manchester and Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion.

Thanks,
Dr. Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Kitten with Chronic Diarrhea

2010-01-11T09:55:00.000-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My kitten has chronic diarrhea. What should I do?

Kristi

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Hi Kristi,

As an early member of the American Feline Association in the 1980s, I can recall a lecture at Cornell University about the frustration of treating diarrhea in kittens. Unless the cause was intestinal parasites or a viral infection, we rarely found a cause and most kittens did not respond to treatment. Today, we still struggle with the correct diagnosis and in many cases the treatment.

One theory is that cats are true carnivores unlike dogs and people whom are omnivores. Throughout evolution cats ate rodents with little fat and no carbohydrates. Yet as our pets, we feed them prepared diets that have more fat and carbohydrates. Could it be that it takes months for some kittens digestive systems to adjust to our prepared diets?

Kittens with diarrhea should all have a baseline of routine testing done. At Shiloh Veterinary Hospital, we send our fecal samples to an outside lab in New York where they are best capable of finding more complicated infections such as protozoa. Those samples are also tested for intestinal parasites, which also may cause diarrhea in pets.

As with all kittens, a feline leukemia viral test is done, and if the diarrhea is relatively intense we will also will
run a complete blood cell count.

Treatment can vary from veterinarian to veterinarian but typically involves a broad spectrum dewormer and/or use of an antibiotic for approximately five to ten days along with a prescription diet that is specifically
formulated to help cats that are experiencing diarrhea. However, in some cases we simply need to have patience and realize that by six to eight months of age most of these kittens will be normal and not experiencing any symptoms of diarrhea.

There are only 3 hospitals in the York Area accredited by the AAHA. The Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in Dover, Shiloh Veterinary Hospital East in Manchester and Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion.

Thanks,
Dr. Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Top New Year’s Resolutions for Pets to make this year!

2010-01-11T09:51:00.000-08:00

Yearly Exams – Taking your pet for a yearly exam will not only save you money in the long run, but your pet will live a longer and happier life as well.

Routine Vaccinations – Be sure to keep your pet’s vaccinations up-to-date. A lot of ailments can be avoided and your pet deserves to be treated with the best resources available today. In the State of Pennsylvania, rabies vaccinations are required for dogs and cats.

Spay and Neuter – If your pet is not spayed or neutered yet, please consider the procedure this year. Spaying or neutering a pet can prevent issues like pyometra for females, cancer and over-population.

Healthy Diet – Do not feed your pet people food. Their digestive system is not meant to handle it and they will become “lurkers” around your kitchen and dining room table. Feeding your pets good quality food in appropriately designated amounts will keep them healthy. They like routine feeding times and habits and will come to count on your discipline.

Dental Care – Happy mouths, make happy pets! Your pet’s dental health is just as important to his or her overall health. As a pet owner, you play a pivotal role in helping ensure your pet’s dental health through regular teeth brushing. Pets can live longer, healthier lives if oral health care is managed and maintained throughout their lives. In fact, proper dental care may add as much as five years to your pet’s life! Talk to your veterinarian about developing a dental care plan for your furry
friend this year.

Exercise – Pets need exercise too! Walking your dog or playing with your cat keeps them fit and entertained. A daily exercise routine for you pet can dramatically improve their overall well-being and keep them at an ideal weight. Pet obesity can lead to many unwanted conditions like diabetes, thyroid issues, heart conditions and joint pain.

Don’t forget about senior pets! – Yearly or bi-annual exams can help your veterinarian identify possible underlying issues earlier. Routine bloodwork and heart monitoring is a great way to keep your senior pet healthy and happy. Your veterinarian can also discuss treatments, diets and supplements to keep your pet feeling younger.

Question: Concerned about Canine Flu

2009-12-29T11:40:00.000-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

Should I be concerned about the Canine Flu? I heard there is a vaccination, does it work?

Jean

----------------------------------

Hi Jean,

Canine Influenza Virus (CIV) is a recently recognized respiratory infection for dogs. This influenza virus is labeled as subtype H3N8, which is not the same as the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus commonly known as the “swine flu.” CIV is highly contagious to dogs, but is not transmitted to people or cats. There have been some cases of CIV in Pennsylvania, but it is not common in the state at this time.

The most common signs seen with Canine Influenza Virus are a soft, gagging cough and sneezing with discharge from the nose. Dogs often have a persistent cough that lasts for 2-3 weeks. Most dogs recover from CIV without any complications, but approximately 10% of dogs will develop a bacterial pneumonia from the virus. If pneumonia develops, it usually happens within the first two weeks of infection. The common signs of a developing pneumonia are fever, trouble breathing, and an unwillingness to eat. Pneumonia is very serious, and can be fatal if not treated properly.

There is currently a new vaccine available to help prevent Canine Influenza. This vaccine helps to prevent the virus, but like all vaccines, does not completely eliminate the chance that your pet will contract the virus. However, if your dog does contract CIV, prior vaccination will help to decrease the severity of the disease and reduce the risk of pneumonia. The CIV vaccine is given as a two vaccine series. The initial two vaccines are given 2-4 weeks apart, and then given as a yearly vaccine thereafter. The vaccine series can be started as early as 6 weeks old.

Current vaccine guidelines from the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) recommend vaccinating dogs that are at risk of exposure. This means that the vaccine should be given to animals whose lifestyles expose them to a large number of other dogs. For example, animals that are in shelters, taken to boarding facilities, doggie daycare, grooming shops, dog shows, and agility trials would all be at a higher risk of contracting CIV. If there is an outbreak of CIV in your area, your local veterinarian may also recommend the vaccine even if your dog does not routinely come into contact with other dogs. In order to best decide if your dog should be vaccinated against Canine Influenza Virus, speak to your local veterinarian.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Happy Holidays from Shiloh Veterinary!

2009-12-14T14:15:00.000-08:00

During this holiday season our staff would like to take a moment to remember all of the furry friends who have warmed our hearts over the past year.

We have been fortunate this year to rejoice with our clients in some amazingly happy moments, and we have been there to hold a hand and be a shoulder to cry on at times as well. Our thoughts go out to all of our clients who have lost a dear friend this year - we send you wishes of healing and joy for the New Year. We are happy to have served you this year and hope that you all share a wonderful and safe holiday season with your furry family members.

Shiloh Veterinary Hospital would like to thank all of those who became part of our “family” this year.

Happy Holidays from the Doctors, Technicians and Staff of Shiloh Veterinary Hospital

Question: Holiday Hazards?

2009-12-01T11:37:00.000-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I have a dog. I was wondering what are the holiday hazards to him & other pets?

Taylor, age 12

-----------------------------------

Dear Taylor,

As the holiday seasons approach us, our homes may become hazardous places for our pets. With a little preparation and thinking ahead, we can keep our pets safe, and make fewer trips to the emergency room this year.

Let’s start with plants. First of all, some good news… Poinsettias’ toxicity has been highly over-rated. Severe illness is rare if ingested. The worst indication would be mouth irritation and/or mild nausea or vomiting. However, ingestion of holiday plants like lilies, mistletoe, and holly can cause more serious vomiting and diarrhea, and in the most severe cases, kidney and heart disease. So, if you have these in your home, protect them well from your pet.

Other not uncommon hazards, especially for cats, are ribbon and tinsel. For some strange reason, cats like to eat these, and they can cause life-threatening intestinal problems.

Chocolate is another danger, especially for dogs. Most of us already know how toxic it can be to our pets, so keep those red and green M&M’s up high or in an un-chewable container.

One of the most common problems that walk through the door of our veterinary hospital is vomiting and/or diarrhea from a condition known as pancreatitis, caused by our pets being fed too many holiday leftovers, or getting into the garbage to feast on bones, fat, and other scraps. This can easily be avoided by not feeding our pets the leftovers and storing the garbage in tight containers.

In Winter, the outdoors has its own hazards for our pets. If you like to change your own antifreeze, make sure you thoroughly clean up all spills, and immediately properly dispose of old product. Consumption of antifreeze can cause very painful kidney failure, and most times, ends in death. Consider using Pet Friends anti-freeze. If ice melt is necessary, again consider one of the Pets Friends products that are available. This will help prevent unpleasant irritation to pets’ feet or stomach, if ingested.

To be prepared, keep this number in a convenient place: SPCA Animal Poison Control Center 1-888-426-4435.

With a little planning, we can help our pets stay safe, happy and healthy this holiday season, so we can all enjoy the time together.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Feline Urinary Issues Pt 3

2009-11-16T13:38:00.001-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My cat continues to have urinary issues and problems, why?

Thanks,
Heather

-----------------------------------

Dear Heather,

In the past two articles I discussed the complexity of feline bladder disease. To review, the cause of feline bladder inflammation includes infection, bladder stones, irritating crystals in the bladder and rarely cancer. But in over 50% of cats we never really know the exact causes of bladder inflammation (termed feline idiopathic
cystitis). Today we’ll discuss the treatment and prevention.

A urinalysis is our best test to determine a probable cause. Once we know what is causing the inflammation then we can discuss treatments. For an acute painful
bladder inflammation with an unknown origin, I will give fluids under the skin to help dilute the urine, antibiotics just in case we have infection and a special diet. I recommend Hill’s Prescription Diet C/D, the food is a magnesium restricted diet that retards crystal and stone formation. Over time the prescription diet creates a healthy urine pH.

Depending on the severity of feline bladder disease other treatments can include surgery, pain medications and anti-inflammatory drugs. Anti-anxiety medications may be used when the suspected cause is behavioral.

So how can we prevent urinary disease in cats? The most important thing you can do is to encourage as much fluid intake as possible. For cats with chronic problems, offer a wet cat food 2 to 3 times daily and add extra water to the food. Always offer cool fresh water daily and try a pet fountain that constantly moves water, as some cats enjoy drinking moving water.

As mentioned above, there are prescription foods formulated to help with urinary issues in cats. An exam and urinalysis is a great place to start when you suspect your pet is having a urinary problem. Please visit myshilohvet.com, go to Resources, and explore feline lower urinary tract disease.

There are only 3 hospitals in the York Area accredited by the AAHA. The Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in Dover, Shiloh Veterinary Hospital East in Manchester and
Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Feline Urinary Issues pt 2

2009-11-16T13:35:00.001-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My cat continues to have urinary issues and problems, why?

Thanks,
Heather

----------------------------------------

Dear Heather,

As I reviewed last week there are many different causes of urinary issues in cats. In general the age of the cat is important in determining the cause.

Younger cats vs Older cats - the statistics:

In 50% of younger cats a cause cannot be determined. Only about 1 to 5% of young cats experienced true bladder infection.

Yet in a cat 10 years or older the percentages are reversed, 50% have an infection versus only 1 to 5% unknown causes.

A urinalysis is an essential first step in determining the disease causing the cystitis (inflammation of the bladder). Your veterinarian also may recommend x-rays of the bladder to check for stones. In some cases, a labratory test called a culture and sensitivity can be useful. The test checks urine to determine what bacteria might be growing within the bladder and what antibiotic can best be used to fight it.

I personally feel that most of our bladder diseases are related to a single problem. Cats are poor water drinkers and when urine gets extremely concentrated crystals can develop. The crystals then cause irritation, can form into stones or can create an environment susceptible to infection.

I remember many years ago reading an article in which it was suggested that cats were domesticated by the Egyptians thousands of years ago. As the Egyptians went into middle Africa in search of stones for their pyramids, they brought back kittens from the Congo River Valley. There is lots of water in the Congo River Valley and not much in the desert of Egypt. So the theory goes, cats were forced to drink less water over the centuries and as a result their urine became more concentrated. Although I’m not too sure about this story, it is true cats seem to drink less water than dogs and people.

Next week we are going to talk about the specific treatments for each form of bladder disease. Please visit myshilohvet.com, go to Resources, and explore feline lower urinary tract disease.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Feline Urinary Issues pt 1

2009-11-16T13:00:00.000-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

My cat continues to have urinary issues and problems, why?

Thanks,
Heather

-----------------------------

Dear Heather,

A number of years ago one of my partners, Dr. Hoffman, commented that many diseases that we had difficulty either diagnosing or treating 25 to 30 years ago are now diagnosed and treated with ease. One exception however is feline urinary disease. The trouble is that feline urinary disease is a complicated syndrome with multiple causes. Thus my plan is a three-part series. Today I will talk about the variety of lower urinary tract syndromes we see, next week I’ll discuss the causes, and in two weeks I’ll review the treatments.

The usual history of lower urinary disease is either that the cat is urinating outside the litter box and/or straining to urinate in the litter box. Our first job is to decide if the cat has urinary disease or a behavioral problem. A urinalysis is needed to determine if we have disease.

What are the typical feline urinary diseases seen?

Bacterial infection. The simplest cause but researchers say it is not that common in young or middle-aged cats.

Irritating crystals in the urine. The development of mostly magnesium crystals in the urine can cause a life-threatening urinary blockage in male cats. As crystals develop they can plug the urethra, which if left untreated, can be fatal. It is believed by many veterinarians that these crystals in the bladder can cause a cystitis (inflammation of the bladder) in both male and female cats.

Bladder stones. As with dogs and people, cats can develop bladder stones which mostly are made up of either calcium or magnesium. A bladder x-ray is necessary for this diagnosis.

Bladder cancer. A relatively a rare disease in cats.

Feline idiopathic cystitis. The word idiopathic means that we simply do not know the cause of the bladder inflammation.The inside of the bladder is inflamed but no cause has yet been determined.

Please visit our website myshilohvet.com, go to Resources, and explore feline lower urinary tract disease. You will see that this syndrome causes almost 50% of our cystitis cases.

Next week we will talk about the cause of these syndromes.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: How safe is anesthesia for my pets?

2009-11-16T12:57:00.000-08:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

How safe is anesthesia for my pet?

Thanks,
Jody

----------------------------------

Dear Jody,

As with the human medicine, anesthetic agents and protocols have greatly improved over the past few decades. When I was a student at the University of Pennsylvania 32 years ago, I was trained to use a common combination of human anesthetics to anesthetize pets. Shortly thereafter I experienced my first anesthetic death in a small poodle. It was devastating to me and I even questioned whether I wanted to practice veterinary medicine.

With the many changes in anesthesia protocols through the years, veterinary medicine is now safer for all pets, including older dogs and cats with chronic medical conditions, not just young pets for neutering.

What is the difference over 30 years?

1. Probably the biggest difference over the past few decades has been in anesthesia monitoring. As a certified member of the American Animal Hospital Association, we are
obligated to monitor all pets that undergo surgery. All of our patients are monitored for oxygen levels, respiratory and pulse rates, body temperature and EKG recordings.

2. As mentioned in last week’s article, we are proud to have 8 college graduate technicians. Our technicians are well-trained in anesthesia protocols and the monitoring of anesthesia. They stay with the pet from the beginning of anesthesia to the pet’s awakening.

3. Over the past 30 years, there have been a few new anesthetic agents introduced but what has changed veterinary medicine the most is the combination of anesthetics that we use, increasing safety dramatically.

4. The placement of an IV catheter and administration of IV fluids helps to maintain a stable blood pressure while a pet is under anesthesia. It also allows rapid delivery of the anesthetic drugs, and if necessary, life-saving medications in the event of an anesthetic problem.

5. Lastly, preoperative bloodwork is mandatory for most of our anesthesia and surgery cases. Anesthetic drugs are removed by the kidney and/or liver, and problems such as diabetes or clotting disorders are also picked up with preoperative bloodwork.

Go to our website, myshilohvet.com to download our surgery check list: under Services, Fees, click on Major & Minor Surgery. This informative brochure will help you understand the keys to a safe surgery for your pet.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: What should I look for in a veterinary hospital?

2009-10-21T15:02:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I’m new to the area, what should I look for in a veterinary hospital? You’re AAHA accredited, does that matter?

Thanks,
Michael

-----------------------------

Dear Michael,

I feel that the York area has been blessed with many excellent small animal (dogs and cats) veterinarians over the years. When I graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, I elected to accept a job at Leader Heights Animal Hospital working with two excellent veterinarians, doctors Moist and Reckleffs. After a few years of gaining real world experience, I eventually
founded the Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in 1979, focusing on the needs of dogs and cats.

As with most businesses however, a veterinary practice must find a market niche and then excel with that selection. I always felt it was important for my practice to have a high standard of care. When the Shiloh Veterinary Hospital became accredited by the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) in 1987, our standard of care became realized. Veterinary practices that accept the challenge of accreditation are evaluated on stringent quality standards that encompass all aspects of pet care - ranging from patient care and pain management to team training and medical records. Through accreditation, we gained external validation that our practice and our team operates at the highest standards.

It allowed our clients to gain peace of mind, because they know an AAHA-accredited practice is a team that they can trust to provide the very best care for their beloved pets. I am very proud of our staff, we have 5 certified veterinary technicians and 7 veterinarians. We also have a great team of receptionists, veterinary assistants and kennel staff that keeps our hospital running as smoothly as possible.

There are only 3 hospitals in the York Area accredited by the AAHA. The Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in Dover, Shiloh Veterinary Hospital East in Manchester and Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion.

When looking for a veterinarian remember the value in quality of care, availability and needs of your pet.

To learn more about AAHA or the value in high quality care, please go to our website: http://www.myshilohvet.com/.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Worms, how do I prevent them?

2009-10-12T18:15:00.000-07:00

Dr. Schaeberle,

I think my pet has worms! What can I do to prevent them?

Thanks,
Nicole

-----------------------------------------------------

Dear Nicole,

In general when we mention internal parasites, people tend to think of the word “worms”. There are many different internal parasites and the only real worms that you are likely to see in your pet’s stool are roundworms and tapeworms. Included in the list of internal parasites that you cannot see are hookworms, whipworms, heartworms and a variety of protozoa (single-celled organisms). To find evidence of these worms, you must examine stool specimen under a microscope. To check for heartworms, a small blood sample is needed.

Past studies show that about 1 in 3 dogs carry internal parasites. Why is this? Dogs can ingest feces, cats eat mice, all pets can be bitten by mosquitoes (which can cause heartworm disease) and both can carry fleas which can cause tapeworms.

The good news is that all of this is preventable! The prevention of internal parasites is preferred over the costs of treatment for parasites, inconveniences to the owner, and the discomfort of your pet. Just as important, many of these parasites have the potential to be transferred to humans!

My recommendations:

1. Submit a stool check each year to your veterinarian.

2. Keep your yard as clean as possible of feces.

3. Use flea preventatives like Advantix or Frontline.

4. Most important is the year-round use of a monthly heartworm preventative such as Interceptor which prevents heartworms and many intestinal parasites, on a monthly basis your round.

5. Get an annual heartworm test for your dog. Our heartworm test also tests for Lyme Disease, which is a very prevalent disease in our area.

A great web site on “worms”: GrowingUpWithPets.com

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

York Daily Record: Canine parvovirus threat on the rise

2009-10-01T18:39:00.000-07:00

By GREG GROSS
For the Daily Record/Sunday News
Updated: 08/18/2009 10:37:58 AM EDT

A veterinary hospital in southern York County has experienced an increase in patients infected with a deadly contagious canine disease.

Tiffany Main, practice manager at Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion, said veterinarians in the past two months have dealt with five positive cases of canine parvovirus. "Whenever we see an increase of a contagious virus we notify the (Pennsylvania) Department of Agriculture," she said, "If you see multiple cases, you want to get the word out there."

In addition to contacting the state agency, the hospital released a public service announcement concerning the increase parvovirus' cases. The parvovirus cases seen by Patton Veterinary Hospital hasn't been linked to a source, Main said.

Typically, when infected dogs are treated at the hospital, the disease is traced back to a certain point such as a breeder or a kennel, Main said.

Though a puppy that had been treated for the virus at Shiloh Veterinary Hospital recently died, Dr. Tom Schaeberle said he doesn't think there's a full-on outbreak of the disease.

Schaeberle owns Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in Manchester and Dover townships.

"I don't think it's an epidemic," he said.

More cases tend to crop up over the summer months since dogs are in more contact with each other.

Symptoms of the virus include loss of appetite, dehydration, lethargy, vomiting and diarrhea.

The infection destroys the lining of a dog's intestinal tract causing little or no food or liquids to be absorbed, according the Patton Veterinary Hospital service announcement.

The illness is found mainly in puppies, however, older, unvaccinated dogs can pick up the disease.

The virus can be spread by direct contact with an infected dog, contact with contaminated feces or vomit, and a contaminated environment.

Humans can transport the disease, though it's not possible for a person to contract the illness, Schaeberle said.

The best way to avoid the disease is to vaccinate puppies, he said.

A regimen of vaccines can be administrated to puppies as young as 8 weeks old.

"It's a tough virus," Schaeberle said. "It can really hang on in the right conditions."

PREVENTION

Here are a few tips on how to prevent you pet from becoming infected with canine parvovirus.

Vaccination is recommended to prevent canine parvovirus. Puppies should be vaccinated at 8 weeks of age, and then every three or four weeks until 4 months of age. Puppies who are 16 weeks or older should receive three vaccinations.

Parvovirus is resilient and can live on some surfaces for more than a year. A bleach solution is necessary to kill the virus.

Care should be exercised when exposing a puppy or dog to areas where other dogs congregate. Owners should prevent dogs from coming into contact with the feces of other dogs.

Source: www.animalhealthchannel.com

Thanks goes to Greg Gross for writing such an informative article about Canine Parvo virus! We really appreciate journalists who help make the public aware of potential illnesses that our furry friends can contract. Thanks again for taking the time to help us spread the word!

Question: What can I do about fleas?

2009-10-01T18:17:00.000-07:00

Dear Dr. Schaeberle,

I have an on-going flea problem in my home. What should I do and why are
there so many fleas?

Thanks,
Jason

---------------------------------------------

Dear Jason,

What is a parasite? A creature that lives off of another at that animals expense. In my profession we think of internal (living in the body) and external (living on the body) parasites. Over the next 3 weeks I will discuss our more common parasites and the diseases they cause. Today we will cover fleas.

I live in an older home and many years ago we had two dogs, four cats and five people under one roof. Boy did we have fleas! I sprayed, dipped, fogged, shampooed and still had fleas on my pets and in our house. Then came along the topical flea product Advantage, made by Bayer, and
magically no more fleas? So why did this work so well?

1. The adult female flea can lay 45 to 50 eggs per day as early as 24 hours after jumping on your pet. These eggs are about the size of a grain of salt and fall off your pet into the environment.

2. Within a week the eggs develop into a worm stage and then, as with all insects, go into a pupae stage after about 5 to 12 days.

3. Fleas emerge from the cocoon stage usually within 1 to 3 weeks, but up to 180 days is possible.

So when you see fleas on your pet you have a virtual flea factory working in your house.

A product such as Advantage or Frontline kills fleas fast and efficiently for about one month. Fleas die before they can begin to lay eggs and thus infest your house.

My recommendations:

1. Don’t waste money on over-the-counter products, as most either take too long to kill the fleas (2 to 3 days for example with a typical flea collar), or don’t work continually 24 hours a day for extended periods (such as flea baths, which will only work for the brief amount of time that they are in contact with the pet).

2. Both Advantage and Frontline kill fleas very rapidly, continue to do so for 30 days, and have an excellent safety record.

3. If you do have fleas, treat all of your pets for at least 2 to 3 months continually. The flea season depends much on the temperature and humidity and lasts from May through October.

Learn more at our website, www.myshilohvet.com.
Go to Resources, click on Pet Health and search on fleas.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Anal Glands Part 2

2009-09-26T05:13:00.000-07:00

Dear Dr. Schaeberle,

Why does my dog constantly want to lick his hind end area and scoot on the carpet?

Thanks,
Doug

-----------------------------------------------

Doug,

As mentioned in last week’s article, anal glands are two glands that sit just inside the anus that produce a scent unique to the individual dog or cat. So what is the cause of anal gland disease? A study years ago revealed, that dogs who had their anal glands emptied frequently either by a veterinarian or a trained groomer, were more likely to develop chronic anal gland disease. As a result, I do not recommend routinely expressing anal glands. Anal gland disease can also be triggered by skin allergies, and many pets have problems for no discernable reason.

What are the signs of anal gland disease? The classical signs are scooting, licking or an offensive odor. Anal glands can get impacted or infected.

How is anal gland disease treated?

For a dog who is scooting or a cat excessively licking the hind end, we simply empty the glands. If we are suspicious of infection we look at the material from the glands under a microscope. If we notice a large amount of bacteria and/or white blood cells we may elect to pack the anal glands with an antibiotic treatment or prescribe medication.

Infections can be very painful and may result in an abscess. Pets with an abscess are usually sedated, the infected area is opened and then drained.

With chronic disease, I like to partner with the owner to decide if it is time to surgically remove the anal glands. The surgery is typically very successful, with minimal complications.

In York County, only 3 hospitals are certified by the American Animal Hospital Association: Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in Dover, Shiloh Veterinary Hospital East and Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion. AAHA has approximately 3,000 hospitals that voluntarily participate in the evaluation program.

Learn more at our website, www.myshilohvet.com. Go to Resources, click on Pet Health and search on anal glands.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Dog constantly wants to lick hind end?

2009-09-22T07:55:00.000-07:00

Dear Dr. Schaeberle,

Why does my dog constantly want to lick his hind end area and scoot on the carpet?

Thanks,
Doug

-----------------------------------------------

Doug,

The most common cause of this problem is a condition we call impacted anal glands. I have elected to write about anal glands both today and next week. In this first article I would like to talk first about the anal gland’s function.

I read a great article years ago in Time magazine that best illustrates the anal gland’s function. The United States Park service wanted to strengthen the wolf population and naively released some wolves thinking they would be welcomed into an established pack. Apparently they were not welcomed as the wolves smelled the scent around the rear end (that scent is produced by two glands that sit just inside the anus), and decided they were not pack members. The pack of wolves then ran off these strange new visitors. You see, they don’t have names like Doug or Tom but rather each gland around the anus produces a distinct odor that can identify that Wolf. Just like wolves, dogs smell each other’s hind ends to identify that dog with a scent.

Dog’s sense of smell is very advanced. When you think about how an Airport Security Narcotics Dog can pinpoint the smell of illegal drugs in a suitcase in the middle of an airport that contains many different smells, it is simply amazing. So their ability to distinguish scents is literally hundreds of times greater than a human being.

Anal gland problems can be treated in a variety of ways, although sometimes surgery is needed in chronic cases. I will go over the cause and treatment of anal gland disease in next week’s issue of the Weekly Record.

Shiloh Veterinary Hospitals in Dover and Manchester, are proudly certified by the American Animal Hospital Association. Joining the Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion, the only other hospital certified in the York area.

Learn more at our website, www.myshilohvet.com. Go to Resources, click on Pet Health and search on anal glands.

Learn more at our website, www.myshilohvet.com.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Upper Respiratory Infections in Cats?

2009-08-30T19:59:00.000-07:00

Dear Dr. Schaeberle,

One of my cats has a chronic upper respiratory infection and the antibiotics do not seem to be helping. Why?

Thanks,
Donna

--------------------------------------

Donna,

Most upper respiratory infections are caused by a herpes or calici virus. Kittens can acquire the virus from their mothers as early as one day old or can become infected from other cats (examples would be, feral cat colonies, barn cats or overpopulated rescue environments). After an acute infection which lasts about 2 to 3 weeks, most cats become carriers for life. In particular younger cats less than one year of age and older cats can have more frequent outbreaks. Because it is a virus, antibiotics work only if the cat has a secondary bacterial infection.

Feline herpes virus infection is similar to humans herpes simplex. We cannot get an infection from cats but just as in humans, cats will carry the virus for life.

Recommended treatment includes tender loving care, decreasing stress in the environment and for recurrent chronic cases, I have found success using human antiviral drugs. These drugs are now found in generic versions and for the most part are a reasonable cost.

It is important that you have all of your cats vaccinated for the virus. At Shiloh Veterinary Hospital, we recently began a 3 year cycle of vaccinations for cats. However, an article from the European Feline Association now recommends yearly vaccinations in stressed cats, cats that go outside and cats that are kenneled. On a side note, in the state of Pennsylvania Rabies vaccinations are required by law for cats too.

In York County, only 3 hospitals are certified by the American Animal Hospital Association: Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in Dover, Shiloh Veterinary Hospital East and Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion. AAHA has approximately 3,000 hospitals that voluntarily participate in the evaluation program. Outside consultants from AAHA perform rigorous inspections to ensure we comply with the 900 different standards for service and facilities.

Learn more at our website, www.myshilohvet.com.

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: Constant licking of feet and rubbing of face?

2009-08-18T12:18:00.000-07:00

Dear Dr. Schaeberle,

I have a three-year-old Yorkshire terrier who constantly licks her feet and rubs her face. What is the cause?

Thanks,
Kevin

--------------------------------

Kevin,

The vast majority of dogs with excessive feet licking and/or scratching in general have allergies. Although food can to be a component, usually the offending agents are airborne. This can include pollens, house dust, grass and even human dandruff can cause allergies in dogs. Unfortunately, just as with people, airborne allergies can be tough to eliminate from the environment and in many cases treatment is needed.

Anti-histamines like Benadryl can be used in dogs but do not work as well as a corticosteroid such as Prednisone to control the signs. Prednisone is usually maintained in an every other day dosing to help control symptoms. Since most allergies are seasonal, I feel it is an excellent and safe drug to use. Cats can develop allergies too! Allergies in cats are similar to dogs, usually involving the paws, legs and belly. When a cat owner brings their pet in for an appointment for possible allergies, I mostly see facial rubbing in cats as a symptom. Food allergies are considered and adjustments may need to be made.

If you suspect your pet may have allergies, it is best to have a veterinarian check your pet’s condition. Other skin issues can mimic allergy symptoms and a veterinarian can help design a treatment option that is best for your pet. Your veterinarian can also identify and treat any secondary skin infections (such as bacteria or yeast) that you dog may have as a result of his/her allergies.

In York County, only 3 hospitals are certified by the American Animal Hospital Association: Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in Dover, Shiloh Veterinary Hospital East and Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion. AAHA has approximately 3,000 hospitals that voluntarily participate in the evaluation program. Outside consultants from AAHA perform rigorous inspections to ensure we comply with the 900 different standards for service and facilities. Learn more at our website, http://www.myshilohvet.com/

Email your questions to the webmaster@myshilohvet.com

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: ACL Repair becoming common?

2009-08-11T07:29:00.000-07:00

Dear Dr. Schaeberle,

My boxer recently had surgery on his leg for a ligament tear in the knee. I was talking with some people at work today and it seems pretty common. What are your thoughts?

Thanks,
Jenn

--------------------------------------------

Jenn,

It is true that we are seeing more tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) than 20 years ago. However, recent research suggests a genetic component. And it so happens that the most popular breeds such as retrievers, boxers, and pit bulls are unfortunately all prone to an anterior cruciate ligament tear.

The good news is that most dogs that have an ACL tear recover well with surgery. The two most common methods of repair to the knee can be done at the Shiloh Veterinary Hospital. I personally prefer the less expensive procedure - the extracapsular (meaning on the outside of the knee joint) technique, which uses nylon to stabilize the knee internally. I have seen few complications over the years and have about a 95 -98% success rate when viewed a year later.

Very large dogs and active younger dogs may benefit form a more intensive repair, called a TTA (meaning Tibial Tuberosity Advancement), which is also done at the Shiloh Veterinary Hospital and by Dr. Schmidt at the Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion

Both surgeries have a recovery period, where your pet will need to be on strict rest for a few weeks to allow the knee to heal. Your surgical veterinarian will provide you with easy to follow guidelines for your pet’s individual needs.

Shiloh Veterinary Hospitals in Dover and Manchester, are proudly certified by the American Animal Hospital Association. Joining the Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion as the only other hospital certified in the York area. In the US only 14 % of hospital qualify for certification.

Visit our website at www.myshilohvet.com to learn more about these surgeries, go to our Pet Library under Resources and search "cruciate".

Email your questions to the webmaster@myshilohvet.com

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: What can be done about chronic ear infections?

2009-08-02T17:52:00.000-07:00

Dear Dr. Schaeberle,

We have a beautiful three-year-old black lab named Jake with chronic ear infections. What can we do for him?

Thanks,
Diane

-------------------------------------------------

Diane,

Ear infections can result from many factors that can predispose the ear to infection, like allergies, breed or even shape of the ear. A good example would be floppy eared dogs like beagles. Just as our toes are more prone to a fungus like “athletes feet”, a floppy ear does not permit the proper ventilation leaving the ear more susceptible to infection. Regardless of the cause, there are three treatment options we will present to you at the Shiloh Veterinary Hospital.

1. Routine - a sample of the debris from the ear is examined to see if we have a yeast or a bacterial infection, to determine the proper antibiotic. The ear is cleaned, the proper medication is determined and the owners instructed on routine home care.

2. An ear flush under anesthesia - I love ear flushes with recurrent or severe ear infections. A flush allows us to better identify whether we have only an outer ear infection or a more serious middle ear infection . Under anesthesia the ear canal is gently flushed of all debris and thoroughly examined. We will then follow up with the proper medication and home instruction.

3. Surgical - I can perform two different surgical interventions, ablation and resection, when we still struggle with chronic ear disease. Both involve reconstructing the ear canal to allow good ventilation and the surgeries have a very good rate of success.

Shiloh Veterinary Hospitals in Dover and Manchester, are proudly certified by the American Animal Hospital Association. Joining the Patton Veterinary Hospital in Red Lion, the only other hospital certified in the York area.

Visit our website at www.myshilohvet.com to learn more about our many services for your dog or cat.

Email your questions to the webmaster@myshilohvet.com

Thanks,
Thomas Schaeberle, V.M.D.

Question: What does AAHA stand for and why is it important?

2009-07-29T06:38:00.000-07:00

Dear Dr. Schaeberle,

Shiloh Veterinary Hospital has an AAHA plaque in the waiting room, what does AAHA stand for and why is it important to me?

Thanks,

Barry

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Hi Barry,

As a proud member of the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA), I never get tired of this question! In 1987, we sought accreditation by the AAHA because it was important to my practice, no matter what costs were involved. AAHA helps me make my practice better and ensures each pet is getting a high quality of care.

AAHA has approximately 3,000 hospitals that voluntarily participate in the evaluation program. Outside consultants from AAHA perform rigorous inspections to ensure we comply with the 900 different standards for service and facilities In York County, only 3 hospitals are certified: Shiloh Veterinary Hospital in Dover, Shiloh Veterinary Hospital East and Patton Animal Hospital in Red Lion.

An excellent example of the difference between certified AAHA hospitals and non-certified hospitals is quality of care during surgery and anesthesia. For instance, to perform a spay we utilize a surgeon, a surgical assistant, and a technician in charge of anesthesia from the 1st injection of a sedative to your pet’s awakening. Depending on the surgery performed, oxygen levels, heart rate, EKG, blood pressure, respiration and body temperature are monitored during the procedure. Pain medication is used before, during, and after any surgery that we perform, to keep your pet comfortable and to speed healing.

Are there national standardized protocols written for non-certified veterinary hospitals on quality of care
for your pet? No.

That’s the importance of AAHA certification, visit our website at www.myshilohvet.com or www.healthypet.com to learn more.

Email your questions to the webmaster@myshilohvet.com

Welcome to our new blog!

2009-07-29T06:34:00.001-07:00

Shiloh Veterinary Hospital has been hard at work to come up with the perfect blog. In July we started to run an Ask A Veterinarian article in the York Newspaper's Weekly Record. We would like to bring those questions to the masses! The questions will be posted here weekly. Overtime we will add more articles from technicians and client care representatives. So check back often as we grow this feature of our website.

Thanks!

The Webmaster